小麦主要农艺性状的基因效应分析  

Gene Effect Analysis of Main Traits in Wheat

作　　者：王梦扬 WANG Mengyang(Zhumadian Agricultural Academy of Sciences,Zhumadian Henan 463000)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市农业科学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第13期18-21,29,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：选用4个亲本(驻麦328、中麦578、驻麦305、周麦36)组配的2个组合(驻麦328×中麦578、驻麦305×周麦36号)群体为材料,用尺度测验法分析了6个性状(株高、穗长、单株分蘖数、单株穗数、千粒重、单株产量)的遗传模型并估算了各类基因效应值,比较分析了6个性状各类基因效应的异同及其相对重要性。结果表明:组合Ⅰ(驻麦328×中麦578),6个性状中仅有千粒重符合加性—显性模型;组合Ⅱ(驻麦305×周麦36),6个性状中株高和穗长符合加性—显性模型,其他性状均符合加性—显性—上位性模型。加性效应对驻麦328和驻麦305各性状的遗传有重要作用,部分性状存在显著的显性效应,不同类型上位性效应对各性状有不同程度的影响。Two combinations(Zhumai 328×Zhongmai 578,Zhumai 305×Zhoumai 36)of four parent groups(Zhumai 328,Zhongmai 578,Zhumai 305 and Zhoumai 36)were selected as materials,and the genetic model of six traits(plant height,ear length,individual tiller,individual plantear,1000-grain weight,individual plant yield)was analyzed by scale test method,and various genes were estimated.The similarities and differences of various gene effects of six traits and their relative importance were compared and analyzed.The results showed that,in the combinationⅠ(Zhumai 328×Zhongmai 578),only 1000-grain weight of the six traits fit the additive-dominant model;in the combinationⅡ(Zhumai 305×Zhoumai 36),plant height and ear length of the six traits fit the additive-dominant model,all other traits fit the additive-dominant-epistasis model.The additive effect played an important role in the inheritance of each trait in Zhumai 328 and Zhumai 305,and some traits had significant dominant effects.The different types of epistasis effects on the traits had different affecting degrees.

关 键 词：小麦 农艺性状 遗传模型 基因效应 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]