日本落叶松种子园和人工林优树自由授粉家系试验林比较  

Comparison between Larix kaempferi Seed Orchard and Select Tree Open Pollination and Successive Cropping Regeneration Family Test Forest

作　　者：胡勐鸿[1,2] 吕寻 李万峰 戴小芬[2] HU Meng-hong;LV Xun;LI Wan-feng;DAI Xiao-fen(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091;Xiaolongshan Forestry Science Research Institute of Gansu Province,Key Laboratory of Secondary Forest Cultivation in Gansu Province,Gansu Xiaolongshan Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation Station,Tianshui 741020)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所,甘肃省次生林重点培育实验室,甘肃小陇山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,天水741020

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2023年第2期8-16,共9页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：抗松材线虫病高产落叶松新品种设计与培育(2022ZD0401602);甘肃省林业和草原科技计划项目(2020kj034);中央财政国家林木良种基地良种繁育补助项目。

摘　　要：【目的】为日本落叶松持续遗传改良提供应用材料和初级无性系种子园去劣疏伐提供依据。【方法】在甘肃小陇山沙坝国家落叶松/云杉良种基地,采用完全随机区组试验设计,在日本落叶松采伐迹地营造了30个优树自由授粉家系(Ⅰ)和25个日本落叶松种子园自由授粉家系(Ⅱ)试验林,试验林Ⅰ和Ⅱ均为15个区组,区组内家系株数2株×2株配置,株行距1.5 m×1.5 m。【结果】种子园自由授粉家系试验林胸径、树高、材积平均达到(6.474±1.474)cm、(6.429±0.885)m、(1.274±0.599)×10^(-2) m^(3),显著高于人工林优树自由授粉家系试验林胸径、树高、材积的13.99%、9.18%和26.94%(P>0.05)。种子园自由授粉家系胸径、树高、材积的表型变异系数和遗传变异系数为13.76%、22.76%、47.02%和4.52%、1.96%、9.54%,家系遗传力和单株遗传力为0.729、0.544、0.735和0.214、0.156、0.210;优树自由授粉家系胸径、树高、材积的表型变异系数和遗传变异系数是21.92%、26.82%、60.03%和4.36%、2.91%、9.76%;家系遗传力和单株遗传力依次为0.645、0.626、0.598和0.169、0.175、0.148;优树自由授粉家系试验林胸径、树高、材积性状的遗传变异比种子园自由授粉家系更加丰富。种子园自由授粉家系子代测定回向选择指导初级无性系种子园去劣疏伐升级1.5代种子园,入选单株直接无性繁殖利用或作为高阶育种应用材料,种子园自由授粉家系按照40%的入选率,入选10个家系,入选家系平均胸径、树高、材积为6.6148 cm、6.8420 m、0.0143 m^(3),在家系选择的基础上,选择50个单株,单株入选率3.58%,入选单株平均胸径、树高、材积达到9.16 cm、7.60 m、0.026 m^(3);入选家系和单株材积的平均遗传增益达到9.39%和22.09%。优树自由授粉家系和单株入选率为30%和3.01%。【结论】种子园自由授粉家系试验林入选单株预期遗传增益为22.09%,可作为高世代种子园营建和进�【Objective】:This paper aims to provide applied materials for continuous genetic improvement of Larix kaempferi and basis for thinning of primary clonal seed orchard.【Method】:In Shaba National Larch/Spruce Improved Seed Base of Xiaolongshan,Gansu Province,30 free pollinator families(Ⅰ)and 25 free pollinator families(Ⅱ)of Larix kaempferi seed orchard were constructed in the Larix kaempferi cutting land by using a completely randomized block experiment design.The test forestsⅠandⅡwere both composed of 15 block groups,and the number of family lines in the block was 2×2,and the row spacing was 1.5 m×1.5 m.【Result】The results show that:The average DBH,tree height,and volume of the open pollination family test forest in the seed orchard reached(6.474±1.474)cm,(6.429±0.885)m,and(1.274±0.599)×10^(-2) m^(3),respectively,significantly higher than 13.99%,9.18%,and 26.94%(P>0.05)of the DBH,tree height,and volume of the open pollination family test forest of select trees in artificial forests.The phenotypic and genetic coefficients of variation for DBH,tree height,and volume of open pollinated families in seed orchards were 13.76%,22.76%,47.02%,and 4.52%,1.96%,and 9.54%,respectively.The heritability of families and heritability of individual plants were 0.729,0.544,0.735 and 0.214,0.156,0.210;The phenotypic and genetic coefficients of variation for DBH,tree height,and volume of the open pollinated families of select trees were 21.92%,26.82%,60.03%,and 4.36%,2.91%,and 9.76%,respectively.The heritability of families and heritability of individual plants were 0.645,0.626,0.598 and 0.169,0.175,0.148,respectively.The genetic variation of DBH,tree height,and volume traits in the test forest of open pollination families of select trees is more abundant than that of open pollination families in seed orchards.Backward selection guidance for determining the progeny of open pollination families in seed orchards,and upgrading primary clonal seed orchards from poor thinning to 1.5 generation seed orchards,The sele

关 键 词：日本落叶松 种子园自由授粉家系 优树自由授粉家系 试验林性状比较 

分 类 号：S791.223[农业科学—林木遗传育种]