人工养殖斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri)形态性状与体质量的相关性研究  

Correlation Analysis of Morphological Traits and Body Weight of Spotted Mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri Under Artificial Cultivation

作　　者：田田[1] TIAN Tian(Fujian Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第3期68-74,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：2020福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项资金(闽财指[2020]66号);福建省种业创新与产业化工程渔业项目(闽农综[2021]5号);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助[CARS-46].

摘　　要：水温15.00℃~28.00℃下,将体质量(17.17±2.76)g的3月龄斑鳜(Siniperca scherzeri)饲养在面积3 m2的水泥池中,投喂活饵料鱼(饵料鱼组)和配合饲料(饲料组),180 d后分别测量体质量(Y)及全长(X1)、体长(X2)、头长(X3)、吻长(X4)、眼径(X5)、眼间距(X6)、体高(X7)、体宽(X8)、尾柄长(X9)和尾柄高(X10)10个形态性状,运用相关分析、多元回归分析和通径分析研究形态性状与体质量的关系。结果显示,两组斑鳜体质量变异系数均最大,具有最大的选育潜力;各形态性状与体质量均存在极显著相关性(P<0.01);采用逐步引入-剔除法建立了形态性状对体质量的最佳多元线性回归方程:Y饵料鱼=-145.798+0.628X2+2.925X7,Y饲料=-103.470+0.465X2+1.837X4+1.631X7。通径分析发现,饵料鱼组体高的直接作用最大,体长次之,两者对体质量的总决定系数为0.971;饲料组体高的直接作用最大,体长和吻长次之,三者对体质量的总决定系数为0.981。综上表明,不同饵料影响斑鳜体质量的主要形态性状亦不同,但第一主控性状均为体高。建议将体高作为9月龄斑鳜选育的首选形态性状,体长作为饵料鱼养殖斑鳜的辅选性状,体长和吻长作为饲料养殖斑鳜的辅选性状。In order to study the relationship between morphological traits and body weight of spotted mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri under cultured conditions,body weight(Y)and ten morphological traits including total length(X1),body length(X2),head length(X3),snout length(X4),eye diameter(X5),eye distance(X6),body depth(X7),body width(X8),caudal peduncle length(X9)and caudal peduncle depth(X10)were measured accurately in three-month-old spotted mandarinfish with body weight of(17.17±2.76)g reared in a 3 m2 cement pond,fed live food fish(food fish group)and formulated diet(formulated diet group)at water temperature of 15.00℃~28.00℃for 180 d.The data were analyzed by correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis and path analysis.There was the maximal coefficient of variation of body weight in spotted mandarinfish in the both groups,with the greatest potential for selective breeding.There was very significant correlation(P<0.01)between morphological traits and body weight,and the optimal multiple linear regression equations for the two experimental groups were established by stepwise multiple regression analysis:Yfood fish=-145.798+0.628X2+2.925X7,Yformulated diet=-103.470+0.465X2+1.837X4+1.631X7.The path analysis showed that the path coefficient of body height was the maximum in food fish group,followed by body length,with the total determination coefficient of 0.971 the two groups,and the maximal path coefficient of body depth in formulated diet group,followed by body length and snout length,with the total determination coefficient of 0.981.In conclusion,the main morphological traits affecting body weight of spotted mandarinfish were varied with different diets,but body depth was the primary controlling trait.It is suggested that body depth should be the first preferred morphological trait for the breeding of 9-month-old spotted mandarinfish,body length the auxiliary trait for food fish group,and body length and snout length the auxiliary trait for formulated diet group.

关 键 词：斑鳜 形态性状 体质量 相关分析 多元回归分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]