含钾矿物钾释放过程Na^(+)和NH_(4)^(+)的影响  

Effects of Na^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)on Potassium Release from Potassium-bearing Minerals

作　　者：李明明 赵楠 杨军伟[3] 徐光志 张丹[1] 叶田会 周萍[1] LI Ming-ming;ZHAO Nan;YANG Jun-wei;XU Guang-zhi;ZHANG Dan;YE Tian-hui;ZHOU Ping(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Panzhihua Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company,Panzhihua 617061,Sichuan,China;Hubei Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司,四川攀枝花617061 [4]湖北省生态环境科学研究院,武汉430072

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第7期35-42,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42277353);四川省重点研发计划项目(2020YFS0022);中国烟草总公司四川省公司重点科技项目(SCYC202105)。

摘　　要：研究阳离子盐溶液振荡平衡浸提条件下三种含钾矿物中钾的释放及动力学模型,为钾矿活化和土壤钾素肥力的评价提供依据。以三种含钾矿物(黑云母、伊利石、蒙脱石)为研究对象,采用阳离子盐溶液(NH_(4)^(+)、Na^(+))进行振荡平衡浸提,分析阳离子对活化钾矿动态释钾过程的影响,研究矿物钾的释放规律及动力学模型。结果表明:(1)不同含钾矿物的非水溶性钾释放存在显著差异,表现为黑云母>伊利石>蒙脱石。(2)不同浸提剂下释钾量表现为NH_(4)Cl>NaCl>H_(2) O,Na^(+)和NH_(4)^(+)较去离子水(对照)相比,分别增加了0.28~1.09倍和0.06~0.70倍。(3)释钾速率随时间的增加表现为先快后慢,最后趋于平缓。快速反应阶段的平均时间为32 h,释钾量占总释钾量的54.86%~80.50%。(4)钾释放动力学模型的决定系数(R 2)为0.805~0.999,黑云母、伊利石的钾释放最优动力学模型均为一级动力学模型,蒙脱石钾释放动力学模型的拟合度效果为一级动力学模型、Elovich模型。Na^(+)能显著提高三种含钾矿物的钾累积吸附量,NH_(4)^(+)对伊利石钾累积吸附量的影响不显著;一级动力学模型是三种含钾矿物释钾的最优动力学模型。本研究可为阳离子活化含钾矿物及土壤钾素肥力的合理评价提供理论依据和数据支撑。The release and kinetic model of potassium in three kinds of potassium-bearing minerals under the condition of oscillating equilibrium leaching with cationic salt solution were studied,which provided a basis for the activation of potassium ore and the evaluation of soil potassium fertility.Applying three kinds of potassium-bearing minerals(biotite,illite,and montmorillonite)as research objects,the effect of cationic salt solution(NH_(4)^(+),Na^(+))and water on the dynamic potassium release process of activated potassium ore was analyzed and the release law and kinetic model of mineral potassium were studied.The results show that:(1)There are significant differences in the release of water-insoluble potassium from different potassium-bearing minerals,which is biotite>illite>montmorillonite.(2)The potassium release of different extracts is NH_(4)Cl>NaCl>H_(2) O,and compared with deionized water(control),Na^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)rises by 0.28—1.09 times and 0.06—0.70 times respectively.(3)With the increase of time,the potassium release rate raises first and drops latter,and finally tended to be flat.The average time of the rapid reaction stage is 32 hours and the amount of potassium released accounts for 54.86%—80.50%of the total amount of potassium released.(4)The determination coefficient(R2)of the kinetic model of potassium release is 0.805—0.999.The optimal kinetic models of potassium release of biotite and illite are all first-order kinetic models.The fitting effect of the kinetic models of potassium release of montmorillonite is the first-order kinetic model and Elovich model.Na^(+)can significantly increase the accumulated potassium adsorption capacity of the three potassium-bearing minerals,but NH_(4)^(+)had no significant effect on the accumulated potassium adsorption capacity of illite;The first-order kinetic model is the best kinetic model for the potassium release of the three potassium-bearing minerals.This study can provide theoretical basis and data support for cation-activated potassium minerals a

关 键 词：含钾矿物 阳离子 动力学模型 Na^(+) NH_(4)^(+) 

分 类 号：TF826[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]