大连近海水产养殖区中浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Community Structure and Correlations of Phytoplankton With Environmental Factors in Coastal Aquaculture Area in Dalian,Liaoning Province,China

作　　者：陈颖 王璐 尚宏鑫 马琳 张赛赛 许岩 CHEN Ying;WANG Lu;SHANG Hongxin;MA Lin;ZHANG Saisa;XU Yan(Dalian Ocean Development Affairs Services Center,Dalian Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市水产技术推广总站,大连市海洋发展事务服务中心,大连辽宁116023

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2023年第2期60-66,共7页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

摘　　要：为研究大连近海水产养殖区中浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系,于2020年1月、4月、7月和10月对大连7个区市县沿海裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)、仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)、扇贝、牡蛎和对虾为主的重点海区设置10个采样点,同步监测调查浮游植物种类组成、生物量及其水质,并对浮游植物群落与水环境因子进行Pearson相关分析和典范排序分析(CCA)。调查结果共发现3门31属78种浮游植物,主要由硅藻组成,还有少量的甲藻和金藻,优势种共14种。浮游植物细胞丰度变化在7.82×10^(4)~22.00×10^(4)ind./L之间,多样性指数变化在1.51~3.32之间,均匀度指数变化范围在0.378~0.588之间。Pearson相关分析结果表明,浮游植物细胞丰度、硅藻细胞丰度和多样性指数与氨氮浓度呈一定负相关。典范排序分析(CCA)结果表明,水温、p H、溶解氧(DO)、亚硝酸盐、氨氮和硝酸盐含量是影响大连近海水产养殖区浮游植物优势种变化的主要环境因子。The species composition and biomass of phytoplankton and water quality were surveyed simultaneously in offshore aquaculture area of sea mustard(Undaria pinnatifida),sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus),Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum),scallop,oyster and shrimp principally cultured in 10 sampling sites in offshore aquaculture area at 7 districts and counties in Dalian in January,April,July and October 2020,and phytoplankton community structure and correlations with environmental factors in coastal aquaculture area were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)in order to evaluate the phytoplankton community structure and relationship with environmental factors in Dalian offshore aquaculture area.A total of 78 species was found in present survey,including 3 phyla and 31 genera,which were primarily composed of Bacillariophyta,with a small amount of species in Pyrrophyta and Chrysophyta,and 14 dominant species.Cell abundance was shown to be ranged from 7.82×10^(4) ind./L to 22.00×10^(4) ind./L,Shannon-Wiener index ranging from 1.51 to 3.32,and Pielou index varying from 0.378 to 0.588.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that cell abundance of phytoplankton,cell abundance of Bacillariophyta and Shannon-Wiener index were negatively correlated with ammonia nitrogen concentration.Canonical correspondence Analysis(CCA)indicated that water temperature,pH,and levels of dissolved oxygen(DO),nitrite,ammonia nitrogen and nitrate were the main environmental factors affecting the changes in dominant phytoplankton species in coastal aquaculture area in Dalian.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 大连 环境因子 

分 类 号：S932.7[农业科学—渔业资源]