城市光污染现状对比研究  

Comparative Study on Present Situation of Light Pollution in Various Urban Cities of China

作　　者：郝影 白煜 汪剑波[5] 卢俊[5] 邓小文 HAO Ying;BAI Yu;WANG Jianbo;LU Jun;DENG Xiaowen

机构地区：[1]天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院,微光机电系统技术教育部重点实验室 [2]天津市生态环境监测中心 [3]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院 [4]中国环保产业协会 [5]长春理工大学

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2023年第3期67-73,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家生态环境标准项目(2022-5)。

摘　　要：随着经济的发展、现代化程度的提升,光已经成为人类生活必不可缺的物质之一。但随着各种光源的使用,由过度照明导致光污染问题也逐渐凸显出来。本文针对我国光环境问题,选择东北、西南、华东和东南地区代表性城市,开展区域光环境测试,对比研究了各地区光污染现状。结果表明:各城市高亮度区域的广场照明环境存在不同程度的过度照明,光污染较为严重,其中重庆最严重,依次为深圳、杭州和哈尔滨;城市道路亮度水平差距较大,其中哈尔滨主、次干道照明亮度均较高,点位超标率达到70%以上,重庆次干路亮度过高,杭州主干路亮度过高,深圳主、次干道亮度适中。我国过度照明导致的光污染问题较为突出,典型城市间,以经济发达、人口较多的城市光污染程度较高,充分显示出光污染与城市特点密切相关。With the development of economy and the promotion of modernization,light has become one of the essential substances in human life.However,with the use of various light sources,the problem of light pollution caused by excessive lighting has gradually become prominent.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of urbanization level,urban light project leads to more and more bright nights in our country,which has an adverse effect on human health and ecological environment.In order to understand the current situation of excessive lighting in urban areas in China,this paper selected Harbin,Chongqing,Hangzhou and Shenzhen as representatives in Northeast China,Southwest China,East China and Southeast China respectively to investigate and monitor the light environment based on factors such as urban geographical location,population size and economic development.This paper explores and carries out research on light pollution in the field of urban over-lighting,and proposes suggestions on light environment control in different types of cities through comparative analysis of urban over-lighting characteristics,so as to provide data support for urban light environment management in China.The results show that by comparing the light environment monitoring data of four cities in China,it is found that there are areas with serious light pollution in all cities,such as high-light area in Chongqing,medium-light area in Shenzhen,main road in Harbin and Hangzhou,and secondary road in Chongqing.Shenzhen,which has the most prosperous economy,has a prominent problem of light pollution in its urban residential areas and general public areas.In the aspect of road lighting,the prominent problems are insufficient lighting brightness and small range and degree of light pollution.The lighting brightness of main and secondary roads in Harbin is high,and the over-standard rate of spot position is more than 70%.It is urgent to strengthen the control of road lighting,which indicates that the degree and type of urban light pollution are not

关 键 词：典型城市 区域 光污染 照度 

分 类 号：X83[环境科学与工程—环境工程]