门诊与住院HIV/AIDS患者常见躯体症状照护需求的比较  

Comparison of care demands for common somatic symptoms between outpatients and inpatients with HIV/AIDS

作　　者：蒙春霞[1] 杜丽群[1] 刘宁梅 卢晓燕 黄妹青[1] 谢彩英[1] 黄金萍[1] MENG Chunxia;DU Liqun;LIU Ningmei;LU Xiaoyan;HUANG Meiqing;XIE Caiying;HUANG Jinping(Guangxi AIDS Clinical Treatment CenteR,the Fourth People′s Hospital of Nanning,Nanning 530023,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1][南宁市第四人民医院广西艾滋病临床治疗中心(南宁),广西南宁市530023]

出　　处：《广西医学》2023年第9期1070-1075,共6页Guangxi Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的比较门诊与住院HIV/AIDS患者常见躯体症状的照护需求。方法选取255例门诊与住院的HIV/AIDS患者进行问卷调查,比较门诊HIV/AIDS患者(n=135)与住院HIV/AIDS患者(n=120)的一般资料、常见躯体症状发生率及照护需求,统计并分析门诊HIV/AIDS患者与住院HIV/AIDS患者的常见躯体症状及其严重程度、常见躯体症状照护需求程度。结果与住院HIV/AIDS患者相比,门诊HIV/AIDS患者的年龄较小,大专及以上学历的比例更高,且两组患者的就业状态、子女情况和同住人员差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。HIV/AIDS患者最常见的躯体症状为疲乏(占50.20%),其次为嗜睡或失眠或做噩梦、头晕(占比≥40%);门诊HIV/AIDS患者头晕、食欲下降、消瘦或体重减轻、咳嗽的发生率均低于住院HIV/AIDS患者,而脂肪堆积的发生率高于住院HIV/AIDS患者(均P<0.05)。HIV/AIDS患者常见躯体症状的照护需求前5位依次为疲乏(占33.73%)、嗜睡或失眠或做噩梦(占32.16%)、头晕(占30.20%)、肌肉关节疼痛(占27.06%)、食欲下降(占23.14%);门诊HIV/AIDS患者口腔溃疡或白斑、恶心或呕吐、头晕、头痛、脂肪堆积、咳嗽的照护需求均高于住院HIV/AIDS患者,而掉发、视力模糊、嗜睡或失眠或做噩梦、健忘、反应变慢、消瘦或体重减轻的照护需求均低于住院HIV/AIDS患者(均P<0.05)。结论门诊与住院HIV/AIDS患者的常见躯体症状及其照护需求程度存在一定的差异,临床上应合理选择常见躯体症状的管理策略,实施针对性干预,以改善患者的躯体症状。Objective To compare the care demands for common somatic symptoms between outpatients and inpatients with HIV/AIDS.Methods A total of 255 outpatients and inpatients with HIV/AIDS were selected to perform a questionnaire investigation.The general data,incidence rate of common somatic symptoms,and care demands for common somatic symptoms were compared between outpatients with HIV/AIDS(n=135)and inpatients with HIV/AIDS(n=120).The common somatic symptoms and their severity,and degree of care demands for common somatic symptoms in outpatients with HIV/AIDS and in inpatients with HIV/AIDS were analyzed.Results Compared with inpatients with HIV/AIDS,outpatients with HIV/AIDS presented as younger age and a higher proportions of college degree and above,and children situation of patients,people living together and employment status in the two groups interpreted statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The most common somatic symptom of HIV/AIDS patients was fatigue(accounting for 50.20%),followed by drowsiness or insomnia or nightmares,and dizziness(accounting for≥40%).Outpatients with HIV/AIDS obtained lower incidence rates of dizziness,appetite loss,emaciation or weight reduction,and cough as compared with inpatients with HIV/AIDS,whereas a higher incidence rate of fat accumulation as compared with inpatients with HIV/AIDS(all P<0.05).The top 5 care demands for common somatic symptoms in patients with HIV/AIDS were fatigue(accounting for 33.73%),drowsiness or insomnia or nightmares(accounting for 32.16%),dizziness(accounting for 30.20%),muscle and joint pain(accounting for 27.06%),and loss of appetite(accounting for 23.14%).Outpatients with HIV/AIDS had higher care demands for oral ulcers or leukoplakia,nausea or vomiting,dizziness,headache,fat accumulation,and cough as compared with inpatients with HIV/AIDS,whereas had lower care demands for hair loss,blurred vision,drowsiness or insomnia or nightmares,amnesia,slow reaction,emaciation or weight reduction as compared with inpatients with HIV/AIDS(all P<0.05)

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 人类免疫缺陷病毒 症状 照护需求 门诊患者 住院患者 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]