轻型高灵敏暗弱空间目标探测光学相机技术  

Lightweight and high-sensitive optical camera technology for faint space target detection

作　　者：焦建超[1] 王超[1] 俞越 关晨辉 侯名洋 张文昱[1] Jiao Jianchao;Wang Chao;Yu Yue;Guan Chenhui;Hou Mingyang;Zhang Wenyu(Beijing Institute of Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第5期264-269,共6页Infrared and Laser Engineering

摘　　要：天基光学相机是空间目标探测的重要手段,世界主要航天大国大力发展天基空间目标探测技术以确保空间态势感知能力。首先介绍了国外应用于微纳卫星平台的典型空间目标探测光学相机,分析了天基光学探测手段的优势。其次针对基于微纳卫星平台的空间目标探测应用需求,提出“高效率镜头结合高灵敏器件”解决方案,并对光学相机进行了性能评估与设计参数分解。最后针对应用指标要求开展了系统设计与相机研制,并通过地面试验进行了性能验证,达到了预期探测效果,实现了5 kg级光学相机优于13星等的探测能力,可广泛部署于微纳卫星平台,为我国空间碎片研究、航天器碰撞预警提供高实时性数据支撑。Objective The space-based space target detection system based on the micro-satellite has the advantages of largescale high-frequency observation and low cost,so it has developed rapidly.At present,foreign space-based space target detection systems have adopted a large number of micro-satellite platforms,such as Canadian MOST satellite,Sapphire satellite,NEOSSat satellite,STARE satellite,etc.,with a payload weight of tens of kilograms,the weight of the whole satellite is about 100 kg,and the faint target detection ability can usually reach more than 13 magnitude.The article has designed and developed a compact,large field of view(FOV)and high-sensitivity optical camera for space target detection,which has a detection magnitude of more than 13 Mv,a detection FOV of 8°×8°,and a weight of 5 kg.It can be widely deployed on micro-satellite platforms or hosted on large satellites.It can give full play to the advantage of cluster detection,realize the wide-range,high-sensitivity,and highfrequency detection of faint space targets such as space debris and asteroids,and provides high real-time data support for space debris collision warning and asteroid research.Methods A compact,large FOV and high-sensitivity optical camera is built in this paper.Aiming at the application requirements of lightweight,small size,large field of view and high sensitivity of the detection camera,the paper comprehensively optimizes the optics,structure,electronics and stray light suppression to achieve the best detection capability.In terms of optics,a large field of view and small F-number optical lens has been designed and realized.During the optimization process,the lens size is strictly controlled,and the lowdensity glass material is optimized.On the premise of ensuring the optical performance,the lightweight and miniaturization is realized,and the optical system field of view is 8°×8°,the optical system length is 280 mm and optical energy concentration is 90%(Fig.6).In terms of structure,an integrated long lens tube structure is desig

关 键 词：天基光学相机 暗弱目标 空间碎片 微纳卫星 

分 类 号：V447.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]