国际刑事法院对非缔约国国民管辖权问题研究  

A Study of Issues on the Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over Non Contracting State Nationals

作　　者：焦阳[1] JIAO Yang(Department of International Law,China Foreign Affairs University,Beijing100037,China)

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际法系,北京100037

出　　处：《晋中学院学报》2023年第4期69-73,共5页Journal of Jinzhong University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费外交学院科研创新一般项目“国际刑事法院对非缔约国管辖的阻断机制研究”(3162020ZYKC01)的研究成果。

摘　　要：国际刑事法院基于条约成立,对非缔约国没有强制力。其管辖权启动有三种方式,在实践中,苏丹达尔富尔情势、利比亚情势均由联合国安理会提交,非缔约国科特迪瓦声明接受管辖,检察官才开始主动调查科特迪瓦情势,菲律宾情势被调查时其还是缔约国,孟加拉/缅甸情势中的犯罪“行为”有跨境因素,部分发生在缔约国境内。法院的管辖权可能涉及非缔约国国民,但这些本是由联合国安理会的职权、规约传统机制、对属地管辖原则的解释造成的,并没有违反国际法原理。法院的实践发展趋势有一定扩权倾向,有可能与国家主权原则相冲突,对此我国要加强研判,尽可能避免国际刑事法院对我国国民的管辖。The International Criminal Court is established on the basis of the treaty and has no compelling force over non-States parties.There are only three ways to trigger the ICC’s jurisdiction.In practice,Situation in Darfur,Sudan and Situation in Libya were referred by the UN Security Council.Situation in the Republic of C?te d'Ivoire,which was investigated by the Prosecutor on his own initiative,was activated only after a declaration of acceptance of jurisdiction by themselves.And the Republic of the Philippines was still a State party when its situation was investigated.The ICC’s jurisdiction may involve nationals of non-States parties,but it’s resulted from the UN Security Council’s competence,the traditional mechanisms of the Statute,and the interpretation of the principle of territorial jurisdiction,thus it does not violate the principle of State consent.Of course,the Court is paying more attention to the principle of“impunity”and has a certain sense of expanding its powers,which is a trend that we need to study.

关 键 词：国际刑事法院 非缔约国 管辖权 情势 

分 类 号：D997.9[政治法律—刑法学]