马铃薯干物质含量、增长率不同年度随收敛式有效积温变化的趋势分析  

Changing Trend Analysis of Potato Dry Matter Content and Growth Rate with Convergent Effective Accumulated Temperature in Different Years

作　　者：徐宁[1] 张洪亮[1] 张荣华[1] 许亚坤[1] 王维峰 Xu Ning;Zhang Hongliang;Zhang Ronghua;Xu Yakun;Wang Weifeng(Institute of Economic Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第6期77-84,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C084);高标准农田建设和黑龙江垦区社会公益性事务专项(KJZX202204-06)。

摘　　要：本试验以延薯4号为供试马铃薯品种,于2019—2020年连续整株取样,分别烘干并测定各器官(叶片、茎、根和块茎)的干物质含量,同时记录当地每日最高温和最低温并计算平均温度,继而分析干物质含量、干物质增长率与收敛式有效积温间的关系。结果表明,2020年各器官干物质含量与收敛式有效积温的相关性较好,且好于2019年,但2019年除块茎的R2值较低外,其余R2值均接近0.7;叶、茎干物质增长率和收敛式有效积温的相关性较好,根、块茎则不佳,但2019年的块茎除外。叶片干物质含量2020年变化平稳,未出现2019年干物质回流块茎降低叶片干物质含量的情况;2019年茎干物质含量稍高于2020年,二者均呈线性变化;根干物质含量呈阶梯式变化,2019年平稳期偏早,结束时间与2020年接近;块茎干物质含量呈波动变化,2020年较2019年变化幅度增大。叶片和茎干物质增长率两年度均在前期呈波动性变化,且茎干物质增长率2020年波动大于2019年,2020年数值出现顶点,2019年则未到达;两年度根干物质增长率呈现出三峰二谷的变化规律;块茎两年度呈现3个波峰,且2020年周期较2019年有所延后。综合来看,通过本研究所得数据可判定出叶、茎、根和块茎干物质增长关键时期和所对应的收敛式有效积温节点,继而可判定出块茎生长期和淀粉积累期对应的收敛式有效积温。In this experiment,Yanshu 4 was used as the test potato variety;the samples were taken by continuous excavation of whole plant during 2019-2020,and the dry matter content of various organs(leaves,stems,roots and tubers)were measured;the highest and lowest temperatures every day were recorded,and the average temperature was calculated;the relationships among dry matter content,dry matter growth rate and convergent effective accumulated temperature were analyzed.The results showed that the correlation between the dry matter content of each organ and the convergent effective accumulated temperature in 2020 was better than that in 2019.In 2019,except for the low R2 value of tubers,the other R2 values were close to 0.7.The correlation of the dry matter growth rate of leaves and stems with convergent effective accumulated temperature was better,but that of roots and tubers were poor except tubers like 2019.The change of leaf dry matter con-tent was stable in 2020,and there was no decrease of leaf dry matter content caused by backflow of dry matter into tubers like 2019.The dry matter content of stems in 2019 was slightly higher than that in 2020,and both showed a linear change.The dry matter content of roots changed step by step,and the stable period in 2019 came early,while the end time was close to that of 2020.The change of tuber dry matter content fluctuated,and the change range in 2020 was larger than that in 2019.The dry matter growth rate of leaves and stems showed fluctuating changes at earlier stage in the two years,and the fluctuation of stems in 2020 was greater than that in 2019,so the peak appeared in 2020 but not in 2019.The two-year root dry matter growth rate showed a change law of three peaks and two valleys,and that of tubers showed three peaks,which in 2020 were somewhat later than that in 2019.In summary,the key period of dry matter growth of leaves,stems,roots and tubers and their corresponding convergent effective accumulated temperature nodes could be deter-mined through the data obtained in this

关 键 词：马铃薯 收敛式有效积温 干物质含量 干物质增长率 

分 类 号：S532.01[农业科学—作物学]