HfC、ZrC改性碳/碳复合材料研究进展  

Research Progress of HfC or ZrC Modified Carbon/Carbon Composites

作　　者：孙翔宇 李瑞珍[1] 谢栋[1] SUN Xiangyu;LI Ruizhen;XIE Dong(Xi'an Aerospace Composite Research Institute,Xi'an 710025,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航天复合材料研究所,西安710025

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第S01期109-114,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21B2053)。

摘　　要：兼顾结构、轻量化与热防护功能,碳/碳(C/C)复合材料已成为航空航天领域的代表性材料,但其较差的抗氧化性难以应对新一代飞行器的长航时有氧服役环境。研究表明,超高温陶瓷(UHTCs)因其氧化层的热流及氧气阻隔作用,在有氧环境下具备优异的耐烧蚀性能。超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料(C/C-UHTCs)也有望成为满足抗氧化、微烧蚀等要求的新型热防护材料。目前,C/C-UHTCs的制备过程仍存在成本、效率、均匀性和工艺调控等诸多问题。引入UHTCs后,C/C-UHTCs的氧化烧蚀性能得到显著提升,但需要为每种材料找到各自的适用工作环境。本文重点对适用于极端气动加热环境的ZrC或HfC超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料(C/C-ZrC(HfC)),从制备工艺、烧蚀性能和热响应机理进行总结,为后续材料的工艺及性能优化提供借鉴。Combine mechanical structure,light weight and thermal protection,carbon/carbon(C/C)composites have become one of representative materials in the aerospace industry.However,due to their poor anti-oxidant properties,it s difficult for C/C composites to comply with the aerobic environment on long flights for the new aircrafts.It was found that ultra-high temperature ceramics(UHTCs)have excellent ablation properties under aerobic conditions due to the barrier effect for heat flow and oxygen of their oxide layers,UHTCs modified C/C composites(C/C-UHTCs)are expected to meet the needs of new thermal protection systems such as anti-oxidation and micro ablation.At present,the preparation process of C/C-UHTCs still has multiple limitations like cost,efficiency,uniformity and process regulation.After the incorporation of UHTCs,the oxidative ablation performance of composites have been significantly improved,but there is still a need to determine the suitable work environment for each material.This paper focuses on ZrC or HfC modified C/C composites(C/C-ZrC(HfC)),which is appropriate to apply under extreme pneumatic heating environments.Moreover,the preparation process,ablation performance,and the thermal response mechanism are summarized,which can be used for future process development and performance optimization of other possible materials.

关 键 词：超高温陶瓷 C/C-ZrC C/C-HfC 烧蚀性能 热防护系统 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]