PUF、PP和PS阻燃复合塑料研究现状和发展趋势  

Research Progress and Development Trend of Plastic Flame Retardant Composites of PUF,PP and PS

作　　者：鲍庆煌 李俊 袁英杰 白扬 叶兵 BAO Qinghuang;LI Jun;YUAN Yingjie;BAI Yang;YE Bing(Yunnan Tin Industry Group(holding)Co.,Ltd,Kunming 650200,China;National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Formingand State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,MaterialsScience and Engineering School,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]云南锡业集团(控股)有限责任公司,昆明650200 [2]上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,轻合金精密成形国家工程研究中心,金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第S01期521-527,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202002AB080001-2)。

摘　　要：塑料阻燃复合材料的发展对于扩大塑料应用范围具有重要意义。聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)、聚丙烯(PP)和聚苯乙烯(PS)作为典型通用塑料,被应用于众多领域。然而,这三种塑料的内在结构和自身性质使其表现出热稳定性差、易燃烧和燃烧释放CO等毒气的特性,严重危害生命和财产安全,从而限制了它们的使用范围。添加阻燃剂改性而形成复合塑料是目前改善塑料阻燃性能的常用方法。本文分析了阻燃塑料的性能表征和原理,同时基于近年来的研究工作,回顾了典型PUF、PP和PS阻燃复合塑料的研究现状,探讨了阻燃剂组织及其对阻燃性能的影响,并总结了阻燃剂的制备技术。此外,结合塑料的阻燃应用需求和碳减排背景,梳理了其发展方向和前景。There is a strong demand of developing plastic flame-retardant composites to expand the application scope.Polyurethane foam(PUF),polypropylene(PP)and polystyrene(PS)are general-purpose plastics used in many applications.However,the intrinsic structure and nature of these three plastics make them exhibit poor thermal stability,easy combustion and combustion release CO and other toxic gas characteristics,seriously endangering the safety of life and property,resulting in their limited use.Adding flame retardants to modify and form composite plastics is a common method to improve the flame-retardant properties of plastics.The performance characterization and principle of flame-retardant plastics are analyzed.Based on the research progress in recent years,this article reviews the current status of research on PUF,PP,and PS flame retardant plastics.The microstructure of flame retardant and its influence on flame retardant properties are discussed,and the preparation technology of flame retardant is also summarized.In addition,its development direction and prospect of flame-retardant plastics are pointed out from the aspects of the flame-retardant application demand and carbon emission reduction initiative.

关 键 词：阻燃塑料 聚氨酯泡沫(PUF) 聚丙烯(PP) 聚苯乙烯(PS) 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG292[金属学及工艺—金属材料]