生物滞留设施水文要素精细化监测与水量平衡分析  

Refined Monitoring of Hydrological Elements and Analysis of Water Balance in Bioretention Facility

作　　者：欧阳友 潘兴瑶 杨默远 和继军 王赫 徐晋轩 黎光和 OUYANG You;PAN Xing‑yao;YANG Mo‑yuan;HE Ji‑jun;WANG He;XU Jin‑xuan;LI Guang‑he(College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Water Science&Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China;College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco‑hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [2]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [3]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [4]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第11期127-131,共5页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：生物滞留设施因与景观融合度高、径流控制效果好而被广泛运用。为了准确分析生物滞留设施的蓄水层蓄水、土壤水分变化、蒸散发、砾石层出流、深层渗漏等水文过程,利用蒸渗仪等实验监测手段,开展了生物滞留设施水文要素的精细化监测。结果表明,生物滞留设施在监测时段内的深层渗漏量、蒸散发量和砾石层出流量占水分损失的比例分别为35.33%、64.65%和0.02%,可认为生物滞留设施的降雨损失主要为蒸散发。此外,生物滞留设施的径流削减效果较好,仅在日降雨量为44 mm事件中发生了砾石层出流。根据土壤含水量的监测结果,可认为生物滞留设施渗透性能较好,且土壤含水量变化具有显著的分层效应,种植土层和填料层的土壤含水量对降雨的响应较敏感,而原状土层的土壤含水量基本稳定在饱和状态。Bioretention facility is widely used because of its high integration with landscape and good runoff control performance.To accurately analyze hydrological processes such as aquifer impoundment,soil water change,evapotranspiration,gravel outflow and deep seepage of bioretention facility,the refined monitoring of hydrological elements of bioretention facility was carried out by experimental monitoring means such as lysimeter.During the monitoring period,the proportion of deep seepage,evapotranspiration and gravel outflow in the water loss of bioretention facility was 35.33%,64.65%and 0.02%,respectively,indicating that the rainfall loss of bioretention facility was mainly evapotranspiration.In addition,the runoff reduction performance of the bioretention facility was better and gravel outflow only occurred in the event of a daily rainfall of 44 mm.According to the monitoring results of soil moisture,the infiltration performance of bioretention facility was good,and the soil moisture change had significant stratification.The soil moisture of the planting soil layer and the filling layer was more sensitive to rainfall,while the soil moisture of the raw soil layer was basically in a saturated state.

关 键 词：生物滞留设施 蒸渗仪 水量平衡 土壤含水量 蒸散发 深层渗漏 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]