某船用柴油机低速性能优化  

Performance optimization of low-speed operation for a marine diesel engine

作　　者：刘锦荣 段艳强 朱涛 王佳伦 和晓锋 白书战[2] LIU Jinrong;DUAN Yanqiang;ZHU Tao;WANG Jialun;HE Xiaofeng;BAI Shuzhan(Technology Center,Chongqing Weichai Engine Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 402262,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆潍柴发动机有限公司技术中心,重庆402262 [2]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,山东济南250061

出　　处：《内燃机与动力装置》2023年第3期61-65,共5页Internal Combustion Engine & Powerplant

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2021CXGC010703)。

摘　　要：为解决某船用柴油机怠速合排以及急加速工况时冒黑烟问题,分析涡轮增压器对柴油机低速性能的影响,仿真分析柴油机低速工况进气不足原因;优化配气相位,并对优化后的柴油机进行台架测试和实船验证。结果表明:柴油机低速工况进气不足的原因为废气倒流;优化配气相位后,柴油机低速工况时的充气效率提高,进气量增加,缸内燃烧得到改善,低速合排以及急加速工况增压器的响应速度提升,怠速合排以及急加速瞬间烟色显著改善,怠速合排转速恢复时间缩短至5 s以内,满足拖轮用户使用需求。In order to solve the problem that the diesel engine emits black smoke seriously in case of sudden speed-up and when it is attached to the propeller quickly during idling,the influence of turbocharger on low-speed performance of diesel engine is analyzed,and the reason for insufficient intake of diesel engine at low speed is analyzed through simulation method.The valve phase is optimized,and verified by testing bench and ship.The results show that after valve phase is optimized,the volumetric efficiency is improved during low-speed operation,and the intake air is increased,so the in-cylinder combustion is enhanced effectively,then the response speed of turbocharger is improved in case of sudden speed-up and when diesel engine is attached to the propeller quickly during idling,the smoke of idling and sudden speed-up is optimized significantly,and the recovery time of idle speed is shortened to less than 5 s,which finally meets the demand of tug customer.

关 键 词：柴油机 怠速合排 配气相位优化 充气效率 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]