逆针“命门”和“腰俞”激活大鼠远细胞的形态机制  

Morphological mechanism of rat telocytes activated by electroacupuncture stimulation at the“Mingmen”and“Yaoshu”acupoints

作　　者：梁春花 白雪兵 杨敏 黄海翔[1] 史永红[2] 张迎鑫 张臻玮 梅璐 陈秋生[1] LIANG Chunhua;BAI Xuebing;YANG Min;HUANG Haixiang;SHI Yonghong;ZHANG Yingxin;ZHANG Zhenwei;MEI Lu;CHEN Qiusheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物医学院,江苏南京210095 [2]中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所,中国上海200241

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2023年第6期59-68,共10页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872433);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(KYZ202102)。

摘　　要：为了观测经穴及其对应脏腑(肾脏和膀胱)远细胞(telocytes,TCs)相关结构的超微变化,以逆针未病(健康)大鼠督脉的“命门”和“腰俞”穴为对象,分析经穴联系脏腑的通讯结构(即信息交流结构),在细胞水平上探究电针刺激远细胞的形态机制,从而验证“远细胞可能是经络实质细胞”的观点。采用HE染色法观察大鼠督脉“命门”和“腰俞”穴的形态结构特征;免疫荧光双标法和透射电镜法观察督脉经穴TCs及其通讯结构的形态特征;进一步利用透射电镜法分析未病逆针组和正常组督脉经穴及其对应脏腑TCs及其相关结构的超微变化。结果显示:大鼠督脉经穴包含丰富的血管、神经和胶原纤维等结构以及毛囊、毛球和皮脂腺等皮肤衍生物。在督脉经穴及其对应脏腑中分布着极细长且呈串珠样突起的TCs,其具有细胞连接和胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)(包括外泌体)等通讯结构。TCs长突起(telopodes,Tps)的膨大部包含发达的线粒体和内质网。TCs之间及TCs与其他各结构之间借助细胞连接形成TCs网,Tps周围的EVs(包括外泌体)沿TCs网进行经穴和脏腑之间的信息交流。尤为重要的是,与正常组相比,未病逆针组大鼠经穴TCs总长度明显增加(P<0.05),Tps周围EVs的数量明显增多(P<0.05);与此对应,肾脏和膀胱TCs总长度也明显增加(P<0.05),Tps周围EVs的数量也明显增多(P<0.05),膨大部所含线粒体和内质网更加发达。结论:本研究从微细形态学角度阐释中医经穴脏腑的相关性,并利用未病逆针模型验证了TCs可能是经络实质细胞的新观点。This study was to observe the ultrastructural differences of telocytes(TCs)related structures of the Governor Vessel(GV)acupoints and their corresponding Zang-fu organs(including kidney and bladder),andto analyze the communication structures of the correlation between the acupoints and the Zang-fu organs,so as to explore the morphological mechanism of TCs activated by electroacupuncture(EA)at the cellular level.Therefore,the viewpoint that TCs may be the meridian essence cells was substantiated by preventive acupuncture(PA)at“Mingmen”(GV 4)and“Yaoshu”(GV 2)acupoints of the GV in healthy rats.The morphological and structural features of“Mingmen”(GV 4)and“Yaoshu”(GV 2)acupoints of the GV in rats were observed through HE staining.Morphological features of TCs and their communication structures in the GV acupoints of the rats were revealed by double-labeling immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Furthermore,TEM analysis was performed of the ultramorphological differences of TCs and their related structures of the GV acupoints and their corresponding Zang-fu organs(including kidney and bladder)of the normal group(NG),and the preventive acupuncture was conducted for the disease prevention group(PG).The results showed that the GV acupoints in the rats were rich in abundant blood vessels,nerves,collagen fibers,as well as skin derivatives,such as hair follicles,hair bulbs and sebaceous glands.Remarkably,TCs had extremely elongated and underwent moniliform processes in the GV acupoints and the Zang-fu organs.They had such communication structures as cellular connections and extracellular vesicles(EVs)(including exosomes).The podoms of telopodes(Tps)had developed mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.The TCs network was formed by TCs interconnecting with each other and with other structures.Communication between the acupoints and the Zang-fu organs(including kidney and bladder)was conducted by the EVs(including exosomes)around the Tps migrating along the TCs network.In particular,comp

关 键 词：督脉经穴 未病逆针 远细胞 通讯结构 脏腑 大鼠 

分 类 号：S852.16[农业科学—基础兽医学]