有氧运动对肥胖青少年左心室射血分数的急性影响  

Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Obese Adolescents

作　　者：孙朋[1,2] 李世昌 陈祥和[3] 赵常红 于凤至[2] 王静[5] 刘欣 郭安静 SUN Peng;LI Shichang;CHEN Xianghe;ZHAO Changhong;YU Fengzhi;WANG Jing;LIU Xin;GUO Anjing(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention,Ministry of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;College of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;College of Physical Education,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;College of Physical Education,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Sports Science and Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Penglai People’s Hospital,Penglai 265600,China;Weishan No.1 Middle School,Jining 277600,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学“青少年健康评价与运动干预”教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [3]扬州大学体育学院,江苏扬州225127 [4]西北师范大学体育学院,甘肃兰州730070 [5]华东理工大学体育科学与工程学院,上海200237 [6]蓬莱市人民医院,山东蓬莱265600 [7]微山县第一中学,山东济宁277600

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第6期18-25,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题(BLA170225)。

摘　　要：目的:研究中等强度的有氧运动对肥胖青少年左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)的急性影响及其机制。方法:招募70名(男37人,女33人)单纯性肥胖青少年(BMI>28)受试者。第1次实验中,通过Bruce跑台模型测量受试者的最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))和最大心率(HR_(max));第2次实验中,运用自动血压测量仪、脉搏波分析仪、彩色多普勒超声仪、手指容积描记仪和全自动生化分析仪等设备,测量45 min 70%心率储备有氧运动前和运动后30 min和60 min受试者的血流动力学、左心室形态和功能,以及血清生化指标。结果:1)相对于运动前水平,运动后30 min受试者LVEF和LVSV显著升高,LVESV和LVIS显著降低(P<0.05),且该变化存在性别和时间交互作用下的显著性差异(P<0.05);运动后30 min女性LVEF和LVSV升高的幅度显著大于男性(P<0.05),同时,LVESV和LVIS降低的幅度显著大于男性(P<0.05)。2)对影响左心室功能的相关指标分析发现,TPR存在性别和时间交互作用上的显著性差异(P<0.05),表现为运动后30 min女性TPR降低的幅度显著大于男性,而ESP并不存在性别和时间交互作用下的显著性差异。3)对血清生化指标的分析发现,NO和ER均存在性别和时间交互作用下的显著性差异(P<0.05),而IL-6和APN不存在性别和时间交互作用下的显著性差异。结论:1)中等强度有氧运动能够增加肥胖青少年的LVEF,并且女性LVEF增加的幅度显著大于男性。2)有氧运动引起LVEF急性变化性别间差异的主要机制:运动刺激引起肥胖青少年ER分泌水平存在性别差异;不同浓度的ER与内皮细胞膜上的ERα受体耦联,引起内皮细胞分泌NO表达量的差异;不同浓度的NO引起动脉舒张水平的差异;动脉舒张水平的差异引起TPR的差异,直接导致LVESV的差异,并最终表现为LVEF性别间的差异。Objective:To analyze the acute effects of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in obese adolescents and to reveal the underlying mechanism.Methods:Seventy obese adolescents(37 males,33 females;BMI>28)were recruited.During the first experiment,VO_(2max) and HR_(max) were measured using Bruce treadmill model.During the second experiment,hemodynamic parameters,left ventricular morphology and function parameters,and serum biochemical parameters were measured using the automatic blood pressure equipment,pulse wave analyzer equipment,color doppler ultrasound instrument,finger volume tracer equipment,and automatic biochemical analyzer equipment,respectively,following 45 min 70%heart rate reserve aerobic exercise.Results:1)Compared with the pre-exercise level,LVEF and LVSV were significantly increased and LVESV and LVIS were significantly decreased at 30 min post exercise(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference under the interaction between gender and time(P<0.05).Compared with male,the increase of LVEF and LVIS and the decrease of LVESV and LVIS in female were greater at 30 min post exercise(P<0.05).2)The significant sex-by-time interaction was found in TPR(P<0.05),which showed that the TPR was significantly decrease in female at 30 min post exercise.There was no sex-by-time interaction in ESP.3)The significant sex-by-time interaction was found in NO and ER(P<0.05),and there was no sex-by-time interaction in IL-6 and APN.Conclusions:1)LVEF could be increased following moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in obese adolescents,and the increase in LVEF in female was greater than in male.2)The potential mechanism of the acute change of LVEF caused by aerobic exercise:Firstly,there was a sex difference in ER level caused by acute exercise in obese adolescents;secondly,ER was coupled with ERα on the endothelial cell membrane,resulting in the difference expression of NO secreted by endothelial cells;thirdly,different concentrations of NO caused the difference in arterial rel

关 键 词：有氧运动 左心室射血分数 肥胖青少年 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]