节拍步行与音乐步行对老年前期女性的影响:一项为期36周的随机对照试验  

Effects of Paced Walking and Music-Synchronized Walking Exercise on Presenile Women:A 36-Week Randomized Controlled Trial

作　　者：汪毅 谢敏豪[2] WANG Yi;XIE Minhao(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;National Institute of Sports Medicine,Beijing 100061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学,北京100872 [2]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第6期62-71,共10页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BTY029)。

摘　　要：目的:通过为期36周的随机对照实验分析不同形式的节律步行对老年前期女性(55~64岁)心肺适能和心血管代谢生物标志物的影响,探讨体育活动对其身体素质、健康水平、体育活动行为和老年生活质量的影响。方法:78名久坐少动的老年前期女性随机分为正常步行组(n=36)、节拍步行组(n=15)、音乐步行组(n=15)和对照组(n=12),进行为期24周的步行锻炼及12周停训计划。在基线、干预第12周、第24周和停训12周后进行4次心肺适能和生物标志物的测试。结果:各组步行运动均改善了受试者的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、步长、最大摄氧量、无氧阈和呼吸代偿点氧化能力。在停训期,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和最大摄氧量的训练效果保持较好,其他指标变化较大。结论:音乐步行运动可以降低老年前期女性脂肪率,而节拍步行运动可以更好地减轻体质量。步行运动能够改善老年前期女性的身体健康和体能水平,长期保持步行习惯对老年前期女性具有更好的健康效益。Objectives:To conduct a 36-week walking training randomized controlled trial and to investigate the effects of different forms of rhythmical walking on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic biomarkers in presenile women(55 to 64 years old),and to explore the effects of physical activity on physical fitness,health level,physical activity behavior and quality of life.Methods:78 sedentary presenile women were randomly divided into normal walking group(n=36),paced walking group(n=15),music-synchronized walking group(n=15),and control group(n=12)for 24 weeks of walking exercise and 12 weeks of suspension.Cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometry measurements were obtained at baseline,12th week,24th week of the intervention and 12th weeks after the suspension that resumed to sedentary behaviours.Results:All walking groups improved the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),step length,maximum oxygen consumption(V̇V̇O2max)and oxidative capacity at anaerobic threshold.During the suspension period,only the training effects on HDL-C and V̇V̇O2max remained well,while the other indicators changed greatly.Conclusions:Music-synchronized walking can reduce the fat ratio,while paced walking can better reduce the body weight.Walking exercises can improve the physical health and fitness,and maintaining a long-term habit of walking exercises has more benefits towards the presenile women.

关 键 词：老年前期 心肺适能 心脏生物标志物 节拍步行 音乐步行 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]