长沙市岳麓区18~64岁居民膳食模式与超重/肥胖的相关性研究  

Correlation of dietary patterns with overweight/obesity among residents aged 18-64 years in Yuelu District of Changsha City

作　　者：郑美惠 熊家豪 段宏波[2] 梁进军[2] 让蔚清[1] 胡艳红 童瑾 贾华云[2] 吴诗蓝 赖天兵[2] 王春娥[2] ZHENG Mei-hui;XIONG Jia-hao;DUAN Hong-bo;LIANG Jin-jun;RANG Wei-qing;HU Yan-hong;TONG Jin;JIA Hua-yun;WU Shi-lan;LAI Tian-bing;WANG Chun-e(School of Public Health,University of South China,Hengyang,Hunan 421001,China;Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410005,China;Yuelu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha,Hunan 410013,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410005 [3]长沙市岳麓区疾病预防控制中心,湖南长沙410013

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2023年第6期659-663,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：营养与食品卫生学国家级一流本科课程发展经费(000900006074);2019年度湖南省芙蓉教学名师专项基金(201RFS001);2020年衡阳市社会科学基金项目资助(2020E004)。

摘　　要：目的分析长沙市岳麓区18~64岁成年居民膳食模式与超重/肥胖的关系,为针对性开展营养教育和营养干预提供参考依据。方法利用2020年中国居民食物消费状况调查中的调查对象基本信息、过去一个月食物制品食用频率资料、过去一周在外就餐资料,以及膳食数据和身高体重数据进行分析。采用χ^(2)检验比较不同人口学特征、饮食习惯的超重/肥胖率差异;运用因子分析法建立膳食模式,多因素logistic回归分析膳食模式与超重/肥胖的关系。结果共计278名居民纳入调查分析,平均年龄(41.03±12.01)岁,超重89人(32.01%)、肥胖11人(3.96%)。因子分析共提取6种膳食模式,分别为传统膳食模式、动植物蛋白模式、奶类果蔬模式、小吃零食模式、西方膳食模式和速食酒饮模式。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整混杂因素后,水果奶类模式(OR=0.242,95%CI:0.096~0.607,P=0.003)、速食酒饮模式(OR=0.345,95%CI:0.134~0.889,P=0.028)与成年居民超重/肥胖发生风险呈负相关,小吃零食模式(OR=2.894,95%CI:1.092~7.670,P=0.033)与成年居民超重/肥胖发生风险呈正相关。结论岳麓区18~64岁居民的膳食模式会影响其超重/肥胖的发生,应继续加强膳食营养宣教力度,针对超重/肥胖的成年居民开展合理膳食指导和干预。Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity among adult residents aged 18 to 64 years in Yuelu District of Changsha City,and to provide a reference basis for conducting targeted nutrition education and nutrition interventions.Methods We analyzed the general information about the respondents in the Food Consumption Survey of Chinese Residents in 2020,data regarding the frequency of intake of food products in the past month,data concerning dining out in the past week,diet data and height and weight data.χ^(2) test was used to compare the differences in the overweight/obesity rates in different demographic characteristics and dietary habits.Factor analysis was employed to establish dietary patterns,and multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyzing the relationship between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity. Results A total of278 residents were enrolled in the survey and analysis,with an average age of(41.03± 12.01) years,89(32.01%) cases of overweight and 11(3.96%) cases of obesity.Six dietary patterns were extracted from the factor analysis,including traditional dietary mode,animal and plant protein mode,dairy products,fruits and vegetables mode,snack mode,western dietary mode and fast food and drinking mode.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that,after adjusting for the confounding factors,fruits and dairy products mode(OR= 0.242,95%CI:0.096-0.607,P= 0.003),and fast food and drinking mode(OR=0.345,95%CI:0.134-0.889,P= 0.028) were inversely associated with the risk of developing overweight/obesity in adult residents,whereas snack mode(OR= 2.894,95%CI:1.092-7.670,P= 0.033) was positively correlated with the risk of developing overweight/obesity in adult residents. Conclusion Dietary patterns of residents aged 18-64 years in Yuelu District can affect the occurrence of overweight/obesity;and hence,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education about dietary nutrition,and conduct reasonable dietary guidance and interv

关 键 词：成年居民 超重/肥胖 因子分析 膳食模式 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]