缙云山国家级自然保护区植物物种多样性及地理分布特征  

Plant species diversity and geographical distribution in Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve

作　　者：王太强 邓洪平[2] 刘玉芳 郑一凡 崔芯蕊 王云琦[3,4] WANG Taiqiang;DENG Hongping;LIU Yufang;ZHENG Yifan;CUI Xinrui;WANG Yunqi(Chongqing Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,400700,Chongqing,China;School of Life Sciences,Southwest University,400715,Chongqing,China;Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)Forest Ecosystem Research Station,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China;Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Ministry of Education,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆缙云山国家级自然保护区管理局,400700,重庆 [2]西南大学生命科学学院,400715,重庆 [3]北京林业大学水土保持学院、重庆缙云山三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,100083 [4]北京林业大学水土保持学院、重庆三峡库区森林生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2023年第3期94-102,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林项目“重庆防护林林分结构质量精准提升技术研究”(渝林科研2020-10)。

摘　　要：重庆市缙云山国家级自然保护区(简称缙云山)由于气候温湿,土壤肥沃,同时具有独特的地貌和水文特征,导致其植物繁茂,物种丰富。为探究缙云山的植物物种多样性,通过采用典型调查法开展野外调查,采用形态学解剖方法鉴别物种。经数据统计后得知:1)缙云山植物物种丰富,现有植物2408种(含亚种、变种和变型及引种),包括藻类植物8门28科60属206种,大型真菌19目51科109属183种,苔藓植物55科112属244种,维管束植物204科890属1774种;2)缙云山植物地理分布类型以热带分布为主,并有向温带分布过渡的趋势;3)缙云山植物中包含大量的稀有物种,其中国家重点保护植物55种(包括引种),中国特有属24属。以上数据说明了缙云山植物具有丰富的物 种多样性,为开展缙云山生物多样性及其影响因子的研究工作提供了基础。[Background]Located in Beibei district,Chongqing Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve has a subtropical monsoon humid climate.The annual average temperature is 13.6℃,the annual rainfall is 1611.8 mm and the annual average relative humidity is 87%.The favorable environment provides a suitable living environment for plants.As a typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area and gene bank of plant species in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River,there is high protection value and scientific research value for the protected area.[Methods]The algae were collected qualitatively with plankton net,after fixed and treated,the qualitative samples were photographed and identified under a microscope.A combination of line transect method and sample method was used to collect samples of large fungal entities,after recording their physiological and ecological characteristics,traditional morphological classification and chemical reagent reaction were used to identify them.All bryophytes in the quadrat were collected in proportion,and the characteristics of plant bodies and spores were observed,measured and recorded under anatomic microscope and optical microscope.The vascular plants were investigated and counted by transect and sampling methods.[Results]1)A total of 338 families,1171 genera and 2408 species of plants exist in Jinyun Mountain.Among them,there are 8 genera,28 families,and 206 species of algae;19 orders,51 families,109 genera,and 184 species of macrofungi;55 families,112 genera,and 244 species of bryophytes;204 families,890 genera,1774 species of vascular plants.2)Diatom,which likes flowing water,is the dominant species,and green algae,which likes still water,is the dominant group.In the study area,the distribution of macrofungi is mainly distributed in the world(84 genera,accounting for 77.06%of the total genera),followed by pantropical distribution(16 genera,accounting for 14.68%of the total genera),and the distribution of macrofungi in the North temperate zone is the least(9 genera,accou

关 键 词：植物 物种多样性 地理分布 自然保护区 缙云山 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]