论激励型廉政政策的范畴与影响——以“耗羡养廉”为例  

Research on the Category and Influence of Incentive Incorrupt Government Policy——Taking″haoxian yanglian″as an example

作　　者：张泽 ZHANG Ze(School of Administrative Law(School of Discipline Inspection and Supervision),Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710063,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学行政法学院(纪检监察学院),陕西西安710063

出　　处：《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期111-120,共10页Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金研究项目(202213066)。

摘　　要：廉政政策按照行为导向可以分为约束型与激励型两类,我国古代发达的监察制度使得约束型廉政政策成为腐败治理的主要手段。明初的重典治吏表明,约束型廉政政策可以快速打击腐败,但超出必要限度的严刑峻法会产生反腐边际效应递减,需要导入激励型廉政政策矫正负外部性。以往激励型廉政政策多因陷入道德渊薮而效果不彰,雍正朝的“耗羡养廉”是技术范畴内的激励型廉政政策,通过裁汰陋规、禁止捐俸、限制耗羡用途等手段降低了治理成本,增加了社会总福利。实施激励型廉政政策是反腐败标本兼治、巩固治理成果的重要方向,“耗羡养廉”所展现的熟悉下情、不图虚功、因地制宜以及灵活施策等优势,为当今一体推进“三不腐”提供了可创造性转化的历史经验。The incorrupt policies can be divided into two categories according to their behavioral orientation:restraint-based and incentive-based.The well-developed monitoring system in ancient China made restraint-based integrity policies the main instrument of corruption control.The early Ming dynasty′s heavy-handed rule of officials showed that restraint-based integrity policies could quickly combat corruption,but that harsher laws than necessary would have a diminishing marginal effect on corruption,requiring the introduction of incentive-based incorrupt policies to correct negative externalities.While previous incentive-based incorrupt policies were ineffective because they fell into a moral abyss,the Yongzheng dynasty′s use of envy to support integrity was an incentive-based incorrupt policy within a technical context,reducing the cost of governance and increasing the total welfare of society by abolishing corrupt rules,prohibiting salary donation,limiting use and other means.Implementation of the incentive-based clean government policy is an important direction for combating both the symptoms and the root causes of corruption and consolidating the results of governance.Yongzheng′s incorrupt policy,characterized with advantages such as being familiar with the situation and adjusting measures to local conditions,can provide historical experience that can be creatively transformed for the integrated promotion of the″three non-corruptions″in current times.

关 键 词：廉政政策 约束型 激励型 耗羡养廉 陋规 

分 类 号：D630.9[政治法律—政治学]