汽车空心齿轮轴闭塞式锻造工艺仿真与优化  

Simulation and optimization on closed forging process for automobile hollow gear shaft

作　　者：霍天枢 潘鸣宇 Huo Tianshu;Pan Mingyu(Polytechnic Institute,Jilin Open University,Changchun 130022,China;Training Center,Changchun Institute of Technology Engineering,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林开放大学理工系,吉林长春130022 [2]长春工程学院工程训练中心,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《锻压技术》2023年第6期10-16,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：企事业单位委托科技项目(ZC20222003)。

摘　　要：为了改善汽车空心齿轮轴的成形质量和尺寸精度、提高生产效率、控制成本,提出采用闭塞式锻造工艺成形该齿轮轴。通过有限元分析方法,对锻造成形过程进行了仿真计算,通过材料流动分析选定了合适的锻模结构方案,即4冲头结构方案,并在此基础上对各冲头的运动方式进行了研究,以各模具承受的载荷、表面温度和成形后零件的质量为研究对象,对工艺方案进行了优化。结果显示:当冲头的运动方式为方案B时,能够有效地降低空心齿轮轴产生裂纹的概率,提高成形质量,同时所需的最小合模力最小,模具表面温升最不明显,有利于延长模具寿命。最后,完成了空心齿轮轴锻件的试制,所得锻件充型完整,斜齿质量好,其结构尺寸达到了设计要求。In order to improve the forming quality and dimensional accuracy of automobile hollow gear shaft,improve the production efficiency and control the cost,the closed forging process was proposed to form the gear shaft,and the forging process was simulated and calculated by the finite element analysis method.Then,through the material flow analysis,the suitable forging die structure scheme was selected,namely,the four-punch structure scheme,and on this basis,the movement mode of each punch was studied.Furthermore,taking the load on each mold,the surface temperature and the quality of formed parts as the analysis objects,the process scheme was optimized.The results show that when the movement mode of punch is scheme B,it can effectively reduce the probability of cracks on the hollow gear shaft and improve the forming quality.At the same time,the required minimum mold clamping force is the smallest,and the temperature rise on the mold surface is the least obvious,which is beneficial to improve the life of mold.Finally,the trial production of hollow gear shaft forgings is completed,the obtained forgings are filled completely,the quality of helical teeth is good,and the structure and sizes meet the requirements of design.

关 键 词：空心齿轮轴 闭塞式锻造 锻模结构 最小合模力 冲头 

分 类 号：TG316.8[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]