亲水铁碳缓释材料制备及其强化地下水生物还原脱氯效果  

Preparation of hydrophilic iron-carbon sustained-release composite and its performance on enhancing biological reductive dechlorination of groundwater

作　　者：夏杨荣畅 毛亚岑 李俊杰 常刘阳 李锡林 章栩 孟梁 XIA Yangrongchang;MAO Yacen;LI Junjie;CHANG Liuyang;LI Xilin;ZHANG Xu;MENG Liang(School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201418,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院,上海200234 [2]上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院,上海201418

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期387-394,共8页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41877425,41401357);上海市自然科学基金(13ZR1460200);国家环境保护水土污染协同控制与联合修复重点实验室开放基金(GHBK-2022-005);区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室(沈阳大学)开放课题(KF-22-04)。

摘　　要：通过二步球磨法制备了以木质素磺酸钠(SL)为表面修饰剂的纳米零价铁(nZVI)-聚乳酸(PLA)-生物炭(BC)复合材料,表征了其亲水和缓释碳的特性,明确了其强化地下水中氯代烃(CHCs)生物还原脱氯的效果和最佳组分配比.结果表明:所制备的铁碳材料具有良好的亲水性和缓释碳性,72h后材料释碳量趋于稳定.材料能够有效协同异化铁还原菌脱氯降解1,1,1-三氯乙烷(1,1,1-TCA)168h内体系中污染物去除率最高达到85.00%,最大降解速率为6.74mg·L^(-1)·h^(-1),且降解效果随nZVI和PLA含量的增加而提高.综合考虑释碳性能、降解效果和制备成本,得到BC,PLA和nZVI的最佳质量配比为3:1:1.该铁碳复合材料去除1,1,1-TCA的主要途径为零价铁(ZVI)介导的快速化学还原脱氯和异化铁还原菌介导的长期生物还原脱氯.本研究成果有望为CHCs污染地下水修复提供创新技术支持.In this paper,a nano-zero valent iron(nZVI)-polylactic acid(PLA)-biochar(BC)composite with sodium lignosulfonate(SL)as a surface modifier was prepared by a two-step ball milling method.Its hydrophilicity and sustained-release carbon capacity were characterized,and its performance on enhancing biological reductive dechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons(CHCs)in groundwater was studied.Moreover,its optimal composition ratio was also determined.The results showed that this iron-carbon composite had good hydrophilicity and sustained-release carbon capacity,and the carbon release amount tended to be stable after 72 h.The material can effectively dechlorinate 1,1,1-trichloroethane(1,1,1-TCA)coupling with dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria.The maximum removal rate of the pollutant in system reached 85.00%within 168 h,and the maximum degradation rate was 6.74 mg·L^(-1)·h^(-1).The degradation effect increased with the increase of zero-valent iron(ZVI)and PLA content.Considering carbon releasing capacity,degradation effect and preparation cost,the optimal mass ratio of BC,PLA and nano zero-valent iron was 3:1:1.The main pathways of 1,1,1-TCA removal by this composite were the instant chemical reductive dichlorination induced via zero-valent iron and the long-term biological reductive dechlorination induced via dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria.The results in this study were expected to provide innovative technical supports for the remediation of groundwater contaminated with CHCs.

关 键 词：氯代烃(CHCs) 地下水 零价铁(ZVI) 生物炭(BC) 还原脱氯 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]