强电磁脉冲下线路绝缘子闪络特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Flashover Characteristics of Line Insulator under Strong Electromagnetic Pulse

作　　者：秦锋[1] 王旭桐 陈伟[1] 聂鑫[1] 崔志同[1] Qin Feng;Wang Xutong;Chen Wei;Nie Xin;Cui Zhitong(State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an,710024,China)

机构地区：[1]强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室(西北核技术研究所),西安710024

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第13期3640-3650,共11页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室基金资助项目(SKLIPR2204)。

摘　　要：为了研究电力系统关键易损性设备的强电磁脉冲效应,评估电力系统的高空电磁脉冲生存能力,有必要通过试验研究线路绝缘子的闪络特性。该文通过试验获取了高空电磁脉冲标准传导环境下10 kV线路绝缘子的50%闪络电压、放电时延、闪络持续时间及伏秒特性等关键参数,并通过试验分析了线路绝缘子表面干净、污秽等不同状态对绝缘子性能的影响。试验结果表明:高空电磁脉冲传导环境作用下10 kV线路绝缘子易发生闪络,且闪络更容易发生在波尾处,闪络持续时间达数微秒;强电磁脉冲环境幅值越高,绝缘子的放电时延越小,分散性也越小;P-10T型绝缘子相对于PQ1-10T型绝缘子的放电时延更短,绝缘子表面污秽使得其放电时延分散性变大;当电压等级高于90%闪络电压时,绝缘子表面污秽对其伏秒特性影响不大。该文可为强电磁脉冲环境下电力设备的绝缘配合以及绝缘子性能改进提供数据支撑,也可为后续防护设备的选择提供参考。High-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP)can form a conduction environment of nanosecond rising edge and thousands of amperes on the power transmission and distribution cable through field line coupling.It has a faster potential gradient than the pulse environment such as lightning and operating overvoltage.It can seriously threaten the insulation of key equipment of the power system and affect the stable operation of the power system.So,build an electromagnetic pulse conduction current injection experimental platform for the two types of 10 kV line insulators that are most widely used in the distribution system.The 50%flashover voltage,discharge delay,flashover duration and volt-time characteristics and other key parameters of line insulators under HEMP conduction environment are obtained,and the impact of insulator surface pollution on flashover characteristics under HEMP is analyzed.It provides data support for the improvement of insulator performance under strong electromagnetic pulse environment and further research on electromagnetic pulse vulnerability of key equipment in power system.Taking the typical P-10T and PQ1-10T needle type porcelain insulators as the research objects,the cleaned and dried insulators were quantitatively brushed with the polluted liquid prepared by the diatomite mixture,so that the surface ash density value was 0.05 mg/cm^(2) and the salt density value was 0.20 mg/cm^(2),and they were marked as polluted insulators,while the rest of the insulators without pollution treatment were marked as clean insulators.In the experiment,a pulse current injection source with output voltage and current waveform rising edge of(20±3)ns and short-circuit current waveform half height width of 500~550 ns was used according to the multistage method.One end of the insulator to be tested was connected to the high-voltage output end,and the other end was directly grounded.Resistance capacitance voltage divider and current probe were used to measure the voltage and current waveforms of the insulator to be

关 键 词：绝缘子 高空电磁脉冲 闪络 伏秒特性 脉冲电流注入 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]