涡轮泵用球面装配机械密封热变形及磨损特性实验研究  

Experimental Study of Thermal Deformation and Wear Characteristics of Spherically-assembled Mechanical Seals for Turbo Pumps

作　　者：李勇凡 宋勇 郝木明[1] 庄宿国 周芮 李天照 王陈寅 任宝杰 李小卒 LI Yongfan;SONG Yong;HAO Muming;ZHUANG Suguo;ZHOU Rui;LI Tianzhao;WANG Chenyin;REN Baojie;LI Xiaozu(College of New Energy,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong,266580;Xi an Aerospace Propulsion Institute,Xi an,710199;Dongying Hiscien Sealing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Dongying,Shandong,257067)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)新能源学院,青岛266580 [2]西安航天动力研究所,西安710199 [3]东营海森密封技术有限责任公司,东营257067

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2023年第13期1550-1558,共9页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975585)。

摘　　要：以少量常压煤油介质条件下涡轮泵用球面装配机械密封为对象,通过实验测试分析端面磨损形成机理。设计实验工装,实现金属环截面9点温度矩阵和石墨环座3位置轴向位移的测试,得到两种弹簧力条件下温升和位移演变数据,并对磨损端面进行光学显微观测和径向轮廓测量。结果表明:磨损深度以内径处最大,至靠近外径处一定宽度内无磨损;随转速的升高密封环轴向及径向温度梯度不断增大;两工况下密封环倾转热变形造成的端面间隙锥度约为2.5 mrad和7.5 mrad。对于该型式密封,有必要通过端面开设流体动压槽以形成主动泵入润滑等方法来改善流体静压润滑效应缺失造成的严重磨损。Normal-pressure kerosene-lubricated spherically-assembled mechanical seals for turbo pumps were regarded as targets,and the formation mechanism of face wear was analyzed through experimental tests.An experimental cell was designed to test the 9-point temperature matrix of the metal ring crosssection and the axial displacements of the graphite ring seat at 3 positions.The temperature rising and displacement evolutions under two spring-force conditions were obtained,and the worn faces were observed by optical microscope and measured for the radial profile.The results show that the wear depth is the largest at the inner diameter,and there is no wear within a certain width near the outer diameter;the axial and radial temperature gradients of the seal ring continue to increase with speeding up;taper of the sealing gap caused by thermal coning of seal rings in two conditions are approximately 2.5 mrad and 7.5 mrad respectively.For this type of seal,configuration of hydrodynamic grooves on the face may improve the serious wear caused by hydrostatic lubrication effect lacking via achieving activated pumping lubrication.

关 键 词：机械端面密封 电涡流位移传感器 温度梯度 磨损机理 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB42[一般工业技术]