基于脑电图的脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复中的应用  

Application of brain-computer interface technology based on electroencephalogram in upper limb motor function rehabilitation of stroke patients

作　　者：张明 王斌[2] 贾凡 陈杰 唐玮[1] Zhang Ming;Wang Bin;Jia Fan;Chen Jie;Tang Wei(School of Mechatronic Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu Province,China;Department of Rehabilitation,Affiliated Xuzhou Rehabilitation Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221003,Jiangsu Province,China;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xuzhou Central Hospital,Xuzhou 221009,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏省徐州市221116 [2]徐州医科大学附属徐州康复医院/徐州市康复医院康复治疗部,江苏省徐州市221003 [3]徐州市中心医院康复医学科,江苏省徐州市221009

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第4期581-586,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51875566),项目负责人:唐玮;江苏省高层次卫生人才“六个一工程”拔尖人才项目(LGY2020030),项目负责人:张明;徐州市医学重点人才项目(XWRCHT20220045),项目负责人:张明;徐州市科技局重点研发计划项目(KC20133),项目负责人:张明。

摘　　要：背景:目前的康复方案对脑卒中后遗症的干预已取得不错的疗效,但治疗周期较长且人工成本较高。脑机接口技术通过特殊设备提取大脑神经活动信号,并将此信号转换处理为计算机可以识别的指令,可用于脑卒中后遗症的治疗。目的:分析和总结近些年脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复中的应用,探讨脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢功能康复中的临床应用价值。方法:以“脑卒中、脑电图、脑机接口、上肢、虚拟现实技术、功能性电刺激、外骨骼”为中文检索词,在中国知网进行相关文献检索;以“stroke、brain-computer interface、computer assistance、upper limb、virtual reality technology、functional electrical stimulation、exoskeleton”为英文检索词,在PubMed数据库进行相关文献检索,检索时间范围为2000-2022年。结果与结论:脑机接口对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能恢复具有良好的应用前景,并且被证明可以产生常规治疗无法实现的效果,非常值得进一步研究和推广,但是其机制尚未被完全阐释清楚。同时从脑机接口系统采集患者脑电信号的角度来看,准确地解码上肢运动的所有自由度以提供灵活和自然的控制能力仍然是一个挑战。未来的研究应该集中在阐明脑机接口技术促进脑卒中上肢运动恢复的特定神经机制,并确定脑机接口与外接设备相结合等康复方案,以促进脑卒中患者上肢运动功能恢复。BACKGROUND:Current rehabilitation programs are effective in treating post-stroke sequelae,but the treatment cycle is long and the labor cost is high.Braincomputer interface technology can be used for the treatment of post-stroke patients by extracting signals from the brain’s neural activity through special equipment and converting this signal into commands that can be recognized by a computer.OBJECTIVE:To analyze and summarize the application of brain-computer interface technology in the upper limb motor function rehabilitation of stroke patients in recent years and to explore the clinical value of brain-computer interface technology in the upper limb function rehabilitation of stroke patients.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed were retrieved for relevant literature published from 2000 to 2022.The keywords were“stroke,electroencephalogram,brain-computer interface,upper limb,virtual reality technology,functional electrical stimulation,exoskeleton”in Chinese and“stroke,brain-computer interface,computer assistance,upper limb,virtual reality technology,functional electrical stimulation,exoskeleton”in English.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The brain-computer interface has shown promise for the restoration of upper limb motor function in stroke patients and has been shown to produce results that are unattainable with conventional treatments,and is well worth further research and promotion,but the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.Also the ability to accurately decode all degrees of freedom of upper limb movements to provide flexible and natural control remains a challenge from the perspective of brain-computer interface systems that capture electroencephalogram signals from patients.Future research should focus on clarifying the specific neural mechanisms by which brain-computer interface technology facilitates upper limb motor recovery after stroke and identifying rehabilitation options such as brain-computer interfaces combined with external devices to facilitate upper limb motor function recovery in stroke patients.

关 键 词：脑卒中 脑机接口 脑电图 上肢运动功能康复 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R319[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1