自贸区建设对城市环境污染的影响——基于我国267个地级及以上城市的实证分析  

Research on the Impact of Free Trade Zone Construction on the Urban Environmental Pollution——Based on the Empirical Analysis of 267 Prefecture Level Cities in China

作　　者：胡艳[1,2] 陈张婷 李彦[2] HU Yan;CHEN Zhang-ting;LI Yan(School of Economics,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,Anhui,China;Academy of Strategies for Innovation and Development,Hefei 230039,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,安徽合肥230039 [2]安徽大学创新发展战略研究院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2023年第7期57-66,共10页China Business and Market

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“长江经济带城市群联动发展对区域一体化的影响作用及政策选择研究”(19BJL051);安徽省哲学社会科学规划专项项目“‘双循环’格局下安徽自贸区体制机制创新研究”(AHS⁃KXZX2020D05)。

摘　　要：自贸区建设是我国深化改革开放的重要举措,也是实现双碳目标的关键环节。作为制度创新高地,自贸区建设为产业经济稳步发展、实现国家双碳目标奠定了扎实基础。选取2008—2019年我国267个地级及以上城市的数据,构建多期双重差分模型,分析自贸区建设对城市环境污染的影响效果及作用路径。研究显示,总体上,自贸区建设对城市环境污染的改善具有显著促进作用,在进行平行趋势检验和安慰剂检验等稳健性检验后结论依然成立。中介机制检验表明,自贸区建设通过产业结构升级和提升创新水平降低城市环境污染。异质性检验发现,对于不同类型的城市,自贸区建设带来的环境效应有所不同,对非资源型城市和中心城市环境污染的改善效果更明显。通过空间杜宾模型考察自贸区建设的空间辐射力,发现自贸区建设对周边城市的环境污染状况有改善作用。因此,政府部门应根据自贸区区位以及资源禀赋进行合理的分工,逐步消除行政壁垒,实现城市和自贸区之间的联动发展;出台特色政策以促进产业结构升级,实施差异化政策以促进资源型城市人才等创新要素集聚,促进产业多元化发展,减少产业发展带来的生态破坏;整合校企力量,以产学研融合促进企业技术创新,更好地发挥自贸区在实现绿色发展中的作用。The construction of free trade zones is a key measure for China to deepen reform and opening up,and also an important link to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.As a highland of institutional innovation,the construction of the free trade zone has laid an important foundation for the steady development of the industrial economy and the realization of the national dual-carbon goal.The authors select the data of 267 prefecture level cities in China from 2008 to 2019 and build multi-phase difference-in-differences model to analyze the impact of the construction of free trade zones on urban environmental pollution and its action path.The results show that,on the whole,the construction of free trade zones has significantly promoted the improvement of urban environmental pollution,which remains valid after the robustness tests such as parallel trend test and placebo test.The intermediary effect test shows that the construction of the free trade zones will reduce the urban environmental pollution through upgrading the industrial structure and upgrading the innovation level.Heterogeneity analysis shows that for different types of cities,the environmental effects brought by the construction of free trade zones are different,the improvement effect of free trade zones on environmental pollution for non-resource cities and central cities is more obvious.Through the spatial Dubin model to investigate the space radiation of the free trade zones,it is found that the construction of the free trade zones will also improve the environmental pollution of surrounding cities.Therefore,the government departments should,first,carry out a reasonable division of functions according to the location of the free trade zones and the resource endowment,gradually eliminate administrative barriers,and realize the linkage development between the city and the free trade zone;second,they should introduce distinctive policies to to promote the upgrading of the industrial structure,and implement differentiated policies to promote

关 键 词：自贸区 环境污染 产业升级 多期双重差分法 

分 类 号：F120.4[经济管理—世界经济]