玉米抗真菌病害基因挖掘与分子育种利用研究进展  

Research Progress on Discovery of Resistance Genes and Molecular Breeding Utilization of Fungal Diseases in Maize

作　　者：温胜慧 杨俊伟 王洋 李公建 翁建峰[2] 段灿星[2] 贾鑫 王建军[1] Wen Shenghui;Yang Junwei;Wang Yang;Li Gongjian;Weng Jianfeng;Duan Canxing;Jia Xin;Wang Jianjun(Institute of Maize Research,Shanxi Agricultural University/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Plant Protection in Xinzhou,Xinzhou 034000,Shanxi,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学玉米研究所/国家植物保护忻州观测实验站,山西忻州034000 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第3期1-11,共11页Crops

基　　金：忻州市平台和人才专项(20200601)。

摘　　要：由真菌引起的病害可以在玉米叶片、茎秆和雌穗等部位及生长发育的各阶段发生,严重影响玉米产量及品质。培育和种植抗病品种是控制病害的重要途径,随着现代分子生物学的发展,全基因组及多组学技术的利用为玉米抗病基因的挖掘及抗性机制的解析提供了更可靠和更便捷的方式,通过分子育种与常规育种技术相结合改良现有种质也逐渐成为培育抗性种质的有效方式。本文综述了玉米常见真菌病害的抗病遗传、基因克隆及其育种利用的最新进展,展望了新抗病基因的挖掘和机理解析、广谱抗病基因及基因编辑等技术在玉米育种中的利用,以期促进玉米优良抗病新品种的培育。Diseases caused by fungi can infect leaf,stem,ear and other parts in all stages of corn growth and development,and led to a considerable decline in maize production and quality.Breeding and planting resistant maize hybrids is an important way to control the damage caused by diseases.With the development of modern molecular biology,genome-wide and multi-omics analysis technology provided a more reliable and convenient way for discovery of resistance genes and analysis of resistance mechanisms in maize.It is an effective way of using normal breeding and molecular breeding to improve disease resistance of existing germplasms.This article reviewed the latest research progress in disease resistance inheritance of common corn fungal diseases,gene mapping and its breeding utilization.Moreover,the discovery and mechanism analysis of new resistance genes,the utilization of broad-spectrum disease resistance genes and their gene editing technology in maize breeding were prospected,in order to promoting the breeding of excellent disease resistance maize varieties.

关 键 词：玉米真菌病害 抗病基因 抗性机制 分子育种 基因编辑 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]