糜子矮秆突变体海5农艺性状及对GA_(3)的敏感性鉴定  

The Agronomic Characteristics and Sensitivity Identification to GA_(3)of a Dwarf Mutant Hai 5 in Panicum miliaceum L.

作　　者：郭英杰 刘洋 刘晓婕 魏玮 王瑶 张帅 王振山 闫留延 朱学海 贾小平[2,3] Guo Yingjie;Liu Yang;Liu Xiaojie;Wei Wei;Wang Yao;Zhang Shuai;Wang Zhenshan;Yan Liuyan;Zhu Xuehai;Jia Xiaoping(Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China;College of Agronomy,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan,China;Zhangjiakou Hybrid Broomcorn Millet Technical Innovation Center,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业科学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000 [3]张家口市杂交黍子技术创新中心,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第3期80-85,共6页Crops

基　　金：河北省科技厅项目(21326339D);河北省高层次人才资助项目(A201903020);张家口市科技局项目(1911016C-3)。

摘　　要：从形态学、细胞生物学角度对利用EMS诱变石湖千斤糜得到的矮秆突变体海5(dm5)的农艺性状及喷施赤霉素(GA_(3))后表型特征进行研究。结果表明,dm5株高为60.72cm,幼苗期叶片呈黄色,随着植株成熟逐渐变绿。相比野生型wt260,dm5的株高、穗柄长和穗长极显著减小,分蘖数极显著增多,各茎节长度均极显著减小,第1~4茎节减小相对较多。喷施外源GA_(3)后,dm5的株高、穗柄长和穗长极显著增大,茎节数无明显变化,初步推测dm5植株对外源GA_(3)敏感,为内源GA_(3)合成缺陷型矮秆突变体。dm5第1~4节间长度均极显著增大,第5~8节间长度无明显变化,说明基部茎节长度对糜子矮秆突变体的株高影响较大。观察主茎纵切细胞发现,造成dm5植株矮化的原因可能是茎节纵向细胞长度减小,喷施GA_(3)后植株增高是由于茎节纵向细胞长度伸长。综上,突变体dm5可作为糜子矮秆育种材料。A dwarf mutant Hai 5(dm5)in Panicum miliaceum L.was generated by EMS(ethyl methyl sulfonic acid)mutagenesis in landrace/historical cultivar Shihuqianjinmei,and its agronomic characteristics and phenotypic characteristics after spraying GA_(3)were analyzed using the morphological and cytological methods.The results showed that the plant height of dm5 was 60.72cm.The leaves were yellow at seedling stage and gradually turned green as the plant matured.Compared with wild type wt260,the plant height,panicle handle length,panicle height and internodes length of dm5 were significantly decreased,in which the 1st to 4th internodes were relatively decreased,as well as the number of tillers increased significantly.After spraying exogenous GA_(3),the plant height,panicle handle length and panicle height of dm5 increased significantly,while the number of stem nodes did not change significantly.It was preliminarily speculated that dm5 was sensitive to exogenous gibberellin and was a endogenous gibberellin synthesis defect type dwarf mutant.The internode length from the 1st to the 4th increased significantly,while the internode length from the 5th to the 8th had no significant change,indicating that the base stem node length had a great influence on the plant height of dwarf mutant in P.miliaceum L..Longitudinal observation of the main stem cells revealed that the dwarfing of dm5 might be caused by the decrease in the length of the longitudinal cells of the stem node,and the increase of the plant heigth after spraying GA_(3)was caused by the elongation of the longitudinal cells.In conclusion,dm5 could be used as a dwarf breeding material for P.miliaceum L..

关 键 词：糜子 矮秆突变体 农艺性状 GA_(3) 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]