藜麦对低氮胁迫的响应研究  

Response of Quinoa to Low Nitrogen Stress

作　　者：郭红霞 王创云 邓妍[2] 赵丽 张丽光[2] 郭虹霞 秦丽霞 高飞 席瑞珍 Guo Hongxia;Wang Chuangyun;Deng Yan;Zhao Li;Zhang Liguang;Guo Hongxia;Qin Lixia;Gao Fei;Xi Ruizhen(School of Life Sciences,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,Shanxi,China;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《作物杂志》2023年第3期221-229,共9页Crops

基　　金：山西农业大学省部共建有机旱作农业国家重点实验室自主研发项目(202105D121008-3-5);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L174);黄土高原特色作物优质高效生产省部共建协同创新中心自主研发项目(SBGJXTZX-23);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新项目(CAAS-XTCX20190025);山西省深度贫困县科技精准扶贫专项(2020FP-05)。

摘　　要：为探究藜麦对低氮环境的响应机制,筛选耐低氮藜麦种质资源,采用盆栽方式,测定了9个不同基因型藜麦在不同氮水平(正常供氮和低氮胁迫)下农艺性状、生理特性及植株氮素利用等指标,通过主成分分析和聚类分析评价了各品系藜麦综合耐低氮能力。结果表明,与正常供氮相比,低氮胁迫下,藜麦地上部分生长受到明显抑制,株高、茎粗和地上部分干重呈降低趋势,主根长和根冠比呈上升趋势,根系体积、根系表面积及根系平均直径均呈下降趋势;叶绿素含量、最大荧光参数(F_(m))和最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m))降低,而初始荧光参数(F_(o))升高;根系活力、硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸合成酶活性及可溶性蛋白含量有所下降,而超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性、丙二醛、可溶性糖及游离脯氨酸含量显著升高;植株全氮含量及氮积累量降低,但氮利用效率提高。通过主成分分析将26个单项指标转化为4个相互独立的综合指标(累计贡献率达83.959%),通过聚类分析可以将9个藜麦品系划分为耐低氮型、中间型和低氮敏感型,并筛选出1个耐低氮品系BL22。In order to explore the response mechanism of quinoa to low nitrogen environment and select quinoa varieties with low nitrogen tolerance.The agronomic traits,some physiological characteristics and nitrogen utilization indexes of nine different genotypes of quinoa under different nitrogen levels treatments(normal N supply and low N stress)were determined by pot cultivation,and the comprehensive low nitrogen tolerance capacities of the lines were evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that under low nitrogen stress,the shoot growth of the quinoa was inhibited,plant height,thick stem,and shoot dry weight showed a downward trend.The primary root length and root-shoot ratio rose increased obviously,while root volume,root surface area and average root diameter decreased.Chlorophyll content,maximum fluorescence parameter(F_(m))and maximum photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))were reduced,while the initial fluorescence parameter F_(o) was increased.Root activity,nitrate reductase activity,glutamine synthase activity,glutamate synthase activity,and soluble protein content decreased,while the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase,the contents of malondialdehyde,soluble sugar and free proline were increased.The total nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation were reduced,while the nitrogen utilization efficiency was increased.The 26 individual indicators were transformed into four independent comprehensive indicators(cumulative contribute rate was 83.959%)by principal component analysis,and nine quinoa lines were classified into low-nitrogen tolerance,intermediate and low nitrogen sensitive types by cluster analysis,and one low-nitrogenresistant line BL22 was selected.

关 键 词：藜麦 低氮胁迫 综合评价 品种筛选 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]