大气环境监测卫星方案设计与技术特点  

Design and Technological Characteristics for DQ-1 Satellite System

作　　者：朱维 吕利清 魏致坤[2] 曹琼[2] 董长哲[2] 王凤阳 ZHU Wei;LYU Liqing;WEI Zhikun;CAO Qiong;DONG Changzhe;WANG Fengyang(Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109 [2]上海卫星工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2023年第3期1-12,共12页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

摘　　要：大气环境监测卫星(DQ-1)是国家民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划中的科研卫星,其运行于705 km高度的太阳同步轨道,装载大气探测激光雷达(ACDL)、高精度偏振扫描仪(POSP)、多角度偏振成像仪(DPC)、紫外高光谱大气成分探测仪(EMI)及宽幅成像光谱仪(WSI)等5台遥感仪器,通过主动激光与被动高光谱、多光谱、多角度、偏振等手段结合,实现对大气CO_(2)、细颗粒物、污染气体、云和气溶胶等要素,以及对大气环境、水环境和生态环境等进行大范围、连续、动态、全天时的综合监测;卫星CO_(2)柱浓度探测精度优于1×10^(-6),为国际最高。卫星入轨后各分系统工作正常,在轨测试结果均满足要求,能够进一步提升我国大气环境综合监测、全球气候变化和农作物估产、农业灾害等应对能力,推动生态环境、气象、农业农村等领域遥感应用。本文概述了DQ-1卫星的总体设计方案,总结了卫星的主要技术特点及创新点,介绍了卫星系统在轨测试情况,并对卫星的应用前景进行了展望。DQ-1 is a scientific research satellite for atmospheric environment monitoring in the Medium and Long-term Development Plan for National Space Infrastructure.It operates on a sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 705 km.There are five payloads installed on it,i.e.,aerosol and carbon detection lidar(ACDL),particulate observing scanning polarimeter(POSP),directional polarization camera(DPC),environmental trace gases monitoring instrument(EMI),and wide swath imager(WSI).Through the combination of active laser and passive hyperspectral,multi-spectral,multi-angle,polarization,etc.,comprehensive monitoring on the atmospheric environment,water environment,ecological environment,and other elements such as atmospheric CO_(2),fine particles,pollution gases,clouds,and aerosols are carried out in a wide range,continuous,dynamic,and all-day manner.The detection accuracy of the satellite CO_(2) column concentration reaches the highest in the world,which is better than 1×10^(-6).All subsystems of the satellite work normally after it is put into orbit,and the in-orbit test results all meet the requirements,which will further improve the application and response capabilities of the comprehensive monitoring of atmospheric environment,the estimation of global climate change and crop yield,agricultural disasters,etc.in China,and promote the application of remote sensing in ecological environment,meteorology,agriculture and rural areas,etc.In this paper,the overall design scheme of the DQ-1 satellite is outlined,the main technical features and innovations of the satellite are summarized,the in-orbit testing of the satellite system is introduced,and the application prospects of the satellite are forecasted.

关 键 词：卫星遥感 大气环境 主被动结合 激光观测 偏振探测 高精度探测 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程] O436[理学—光学] P412[理学—物理] P414[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]