维持黄河口尾闾段中水河槽的临界河底坡降研究  

Research on Maintaining the Critical Channel Slope of Mid-water Channel in the Tail Reach of the Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：杨卓媛 黄宇云 陈奕林 YANG Zhuo-yuan;HUANG Yu-yun;CHEN Yi-in(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,Hubei Province,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Basin Water Security,Wuhan 430010,Hubei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]流域水安全保障湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430010 [3]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第7期105-110,123,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51725902);长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司自主创新项目(CX2018Z03)。

摘　　要：研究维持黄河口尾闾段中水河槽的临界河底坡降,能为河口河道整治工程提供有效参数,对维持黄河口入海流路稳定具有重要意义。在河床演变最小功原理研究成果的基础上,推导出黄河口尾闾段最小功平均流速的数学表达式,计算分析尾闾段准平衡时期河段最小功平均流速与来水来沙条件、河段平滩流量以及河底坡降的函数关系,依据所建立的函数关系估算黄河口尾闾段维持平滩流量在4000 m^(3)/s的中水河槽所应控制的河底坡降范围。结果表明:黄河口尾闾段最小功平均流速与同时期的汛期平均流量、含沙量、来沙系数以及河段平滩流量之间的相关系数均大于0.9;尾闾段的河底坡降趋于调平,根据计算结果初步分析,维持尾闾段中水河槽的河底坡降范围应在0~0.087之间。The study of maintaining the critical channel slope of the middle-water channel in the tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary can provide effective parameters for the estuarine channel regulation project,and is of great significance for maintaining the stability of the flow path of the Yellow River Estuary.This paper explores the critical channel slope of the middle water channel in the tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary.Firstly,on the basis of the research results on the principle of the minimum work of the river bed evolution,the mathematical expression of the minimum work average velocity of the reach is derived,and the functional relationship between the minimum work average velocity of the reach and the inflow and sediment conditions,the flat discharge of the tail reach and the channel slope in the quasi-equilibrium period is calculated and analyzed.Finally,the channel slope range which should be controlled to maintain the flat stream discharge in the middle water channel of 4000 m^(3)/s in the sink section of the Yellow River estuary is estimated,according to the established functional relationship.The results show that,the correlation coefficients between the minimum average velocity of the tail reach of the Yellow River Estuary and the average flood season discharge,sediment concentration,sediment transfer coefficient and the plain discharge in the same period are all more than 0.9.According to the calculation results,the critical channel slope range of the middle water channel in the tail reach should be between 0~0.087.

关 键 词：河底坡降 最小功原理 平滩流量 准平衡时期 黄河口 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]