不同坡度三种渠道下巴歇尔槽泥沙试验研究及数值模拟  

Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Sediment in Parshall Flume under Three Channels with Different Slopes

作　　者：曾钰峰 何新林[1] 李小龙[1] 杨广[1] 乔长录[1] 金瑾[1] ZENG Yu-feng;HE Xin-lin;LI Xiao-long;YANG Guang;QIAO Chang-lu;JIN Jin(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第7期211-221,共11页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2021AB0212);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021XJKK0804);石河子大学青年创新人才培育项目(ZZZC201907B)。

摘　　要：为探究泥沙对不同渠道及坡度下巴歇尔槽的影响性。通过数值模拟与试验相结合的方法,在不同坡度下的3种渠道上游分别铺设天然河沙,设置不同的来流量,分析不同方案下巴歇尔槽的泥沙分布、各断面沿程流速分布、测流误差、挟沙能力等的变化情况。同时利用fluent软件进行数值模拟,对物理实验进行验证。研究结果表明:欧拉模型进行的水沙模拟与试验结果一致,贴合实际,最大误差不超过4.23%。巴歇尔槽试验中所有工况最大测流误差为U形渠道0.8%坡度下的15.08%。最小测流误差为梯形渠道0.1%坡度下的2.13%。来沙情况下梯形渠道的巴歇尔槽具有最高的测流精度,其泥沙分布集中在巴歇尔槽上游连接段及渠道底部两侧,槽身泥沙较少,对水流影响较小。0.1%坡度~0.4%坡度下的巴歇尔槽能够较好满足测流精度,0.4%~0.8%坡度的巴歇尔槽测流误差较大。同时在巴歇尔槽最大测量水位的34.44%~53.33%时,巴歇尔槽的测流误差下降较快;而超过53.33%后,测流误差下降较慢,最后曲线趋于平稳,测流相对稳定,误差较小。当巴歇尔槽的水位小于最大测量水位的15.49%时,测流误差相对较大。在大流量的情况下,巴歇尔槽大部分部位的挟沙力均大于渠道平均含沙量,说明巴歇尔槽在大流量情况下,不存在淤积现象。其中巴歇尔槽在大流量情况下,扩散段具有最大挟沙力,而在小流量下,喉道段具有最大挟沙力。To explore the influence of sediment on the Basher trough under different channels and slopes.In this paper,the method of combining numerical simulation and experiment is adopted to lay natural river sand in the upstream of three channels under different slopes,stir them evenly in the water tank,keep their sediment content unchanged,and then set different inflow flows.The changes of sediment distribution,velocity distribution,flow measurement error and sediment carrying capacity in Basher trough under different schemes are analyzed.At the same time,the“fluent”software is used to carry out three-dimensional three-phase flow numerical simulation to verify the physical experiment.The results show that the water and sediment simulation by Euler model is consistent with the results,and the maximum error does not exceed 4.23%.In the Basher trough test,the maximum flow measurement error in all working conditions is 15.08%at the gradient of 0.8%in the U-shaped channel.The minimum flow measurement error is 2.13%at the gradient of 0.1%of the trapezoidal channel.Among the three channels,the flow measurement error under trapezoidal channel is the smallest,and the flow measurement error under U-shaped channel is the largest.The Basher trough of trapezoidal channel has the highest flow measurement accuracy,and the sediment distribution is concentrated on the upstream connection section of the Basher trough and both sides of the channel bottom.The trough has less sediment,which has little influence on the flow.The flow measurement accuracy can be satisfied well in the Basher trough with a slope of 0.1%to 0.4%,while the flow measurement error is larger in the Basher trough with a slope of 0.4%to 0.8%.At the same time,when the maximum measured water level is 34.44%to 53.33%,the flow measurement error of the Basher trough decreases rapidly.When the flow measurement error exceeds 53.33%,it decreases slowly,and finally the curve tends to be stable,and the flow measurement error is relatively small.When the water level of Basher

关 键 词：巴歇尔槽 泥沙 数值模拟 坡度 渠道 

分 类 号：TV135.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]