基于SGP4模型的空间站跟踪算法  

Tracking methods of space station based on SGP4 model

作　　者：王霄 李伟超[1,2] 杨旭海[1,2,3] 钦伟瑾[1,2] 王伟 李志刚[1,2] WANG Xiao;LI Weichao;YANG Xuhai;QIN Weijin;WANG Wei;LI Zhigang(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;Key Laboratory of Precise Positioning and Timing Technology,National Time Services Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,陕西西安710600 [2]中国科学院精密导航定位与定时技术重点实验室,陕西西安710600 [3]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第5期84-89,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(12073034);中国科学院西部之光“一带一路”团队项目(XAB2018YDYL01);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2022412)。

摘　　要：中国空间站天和核心舱的成功发射标志着我国空间站在轨组装建设进入全面实施阶段。空间站入轨运行后,实现地面站对空间站的跟踪观测是获取科学数据的前提。本文根据空间站TLE轨道参数,基于现有的简化常规摄动(SGP4)模型,研究地面观测站地平式设备观测空间站的跟踪角度的计算算法;根据研究方法计算西安站观测空间站的跟踪角度,并与利用STK软件的计算结果进行对比,发现两者差值小于0.001°,证明了该算法的正确性;在此基础上,进一步研究TLE轨道参数的有效预报时长,为地面站观测空间站等低轨目标提供支持。The successful launch of the Core Module of China Space Station marks that the on-orbit assembly and construction of the China Space Station has entered the stage of full implementation.When the China Space Station entered the predetermined orbit,it is the premise for obtaining scientific data that realizing the tracking observation of the ground station to the China Space Station.The calculational algorithm that the tracking angle of the China Space Station observed by ground station is studied based on existing SGP4 model according to the two line orbital elements of the China Space Station in this paper.And compute the tracking angle of the Xi'an station to observe the China Space Station,the difference is less than 0.001 degrees compared with the results by STK software,Which proves the correctness of the calculational algorithm.Furthermore,the effective prediction time of two line orbital elements is studied on aforementioned basis.All results above provide the support for the ground station to observe low-orbit targets such as the China Space Station.

关 键 词：中国空间站 SGP4模型 坐标系 方位角 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]