杂交粱草生长期土壤抗冲性变化特征及其根系调控效应  

Root regulation of soil scourability in hybrid sorghum grass during the growing period

作　　者：杨瑞杰 何淑勤[1,2,3] 周树峰 杨晶月[1] 金钰宪 郑子成 YANG Rui-jie;HE Shu-qin;ZHOU Shu-feng;YANG Jing-yue;JIN Yu-xian;ZHENG Zi-cheng(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological,Chengdu 611130,China;Key Lab of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Corn Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,四川成都611130 [2]长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川成都611130 [3]四川农业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,四川成都611130 [4]四川农业大学玉米研究所,四川成都611130 [5]四川农业大学资源学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第7期149-159,共11页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：四川省重点研发项目(2019YFS0463);四川省生物技术与医药重大科技专项项目(2018NZDZX0001)资助。

摘　　要：为明确杂交粱草水土保持功能,开展杂交粱草生长期土壤抗冲性变化特征研究,以期从根系的角度明晰其变化机理。以杂交粱草—川农粱草1号为研究对象,选择植株0~45 cm空间范围作为采样区域,分别在水平方向(H)和垂直方向(V)上呈放射性采集0~15 cm、15~30 cm和30~45 cm这3个层次的土壤样品,利用原状土冲刷槽法研究其不同生育期径流含沙量、土壤抗冲指数动态变化特征,结合WinRHIZO2000根系分析系统获取根系长度、根系表面积、根系体积以及根系平均直径,综合分析探究川农粱草1号生长期土壤抗冲性变化特征及其根系调控效应。结果表明:1)随空间范围的扩大,川农粱草1号径流含沙量和土壤抗冲指数在水平方向和垂直方向变化趋势各异,其中径流含沙量在水平方向和垂直方向上分别表现为H0~15(0.10 g·L^(-1))V30~45(118.74 min·g^(-1))>V0~15(95.65min·g^(-1))。2)随生育期的推进,川农粱草1号径流含沙量和土壤抗冲指数大小关系分别表现为抽穗成熟期(0.05 g·L^(-1))<拔节前期(0.11 g·L^(-1))<幼苗期(0.14 g·L^(-1))<拔节后期(0.17 g·L^(-1))和抽穗成熟期(233.30 min·g^(-1))>拔节前期(56.64 min·g^(-1))>拔节后期(51.30 min·g^(-1))>幼苗期(44.33 min·g^(-1))。3)川农粱草1号生长期土壤抗冲性增强值为1.10~364.52 min·g^(-1),增强率为2.29%~462.27%;其根系特征参数增幅为2.87%~326.87%,与土壤抗冲性增强值呈正相关。川农粱草1号生长期土壤抗冲能力在水平和垂直方向均显著提高,且与其生长阶段根系辐射生长密切相关,通过调控日常管护措施可以更大程度发挥其水土保持功能。This experiment investigated water and soil conservation functions of hybrid sorghum grass.Changes in soil scourability resistance were measured at different growth stages through the growing season,in order to clarify the role of the root system in promoting soil stability.A stand of the hybrid sorghum grass Chuannong Liangcao No.1(CL1)was used in this experiment and soil samples were collected at three positions 0-15 cm,15-30 cm and 30-45 cm distant from individual plant bases in both the horizontal(H)and vertical(V)directions.The seasonal changes in sediment content of runoff at different crop growth stages were studied using an undisturbed soil scouring method and a soil anti scour index calculated in each case.In conjunction with these measurements a WinRHIZO2000 root analysis system was used to obtain root length,root surface area,root volume and average root diameter data in order to explore the effect of roots on soil scourability resistance at various stages during the growth period of CL1.It was found that:1)The runoff sediment content and soil anti-scourability index of CL1 have different horizontal and vertical directional trends.In the horizontal direction the runoff sediment content was H0-15(0.10 g·L^(−1))<H15-30(0.14 g·L^(−1))<H30-45(0.17 g·L^(−1)),while in the vertical direction values were V15-30(0.08 g·L^(−1))<V0-15(0.10 g·L^(−1))<V30-45(0.14 g·L^(−1)).The soil anti-scourability index was negatively correlated with the runoff sediment content in the horizontal direction,but there was no significant correlation in the vertical direction.Specifically,values were:V15-30(152.09 min·g^(−1))>V30-45(118.74 min·g^(−1))>V0-15(95.65 min·g^(−1)).2)As the growing season progressed,the relationship between the runoff sediment content of CL1 was as follows:heading and maturity stage(0.05 g·L^(−1))<prophase of jointing stage(0.11 g·L^(−1))<seedling stage(0.14 g·L^(−1))<late jointing stage(0.17 g·L^(−1))and heading,and the relationship between its soil anti-scourability i

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 抗冲指数 径流含沙量 根系特征参数 杂交粱草 

分 类 号：S157.43[农业科学—土壤学]