双塔制:巴西足球联赛的历史发展、系统结构及其启示  

The Two-tower System:The Historical Development,Systematic Structure and Enlightenment of the Brazilian Soccer League

作　　者：刘一鸣 吕旭涛[2] Liu Yiming;Lv Xutao(Tianping College of Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,Jiangsu China;不详)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学天平学院,江苏苏州215009 [2]河南大学体育学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第6期36-39,57,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：2022年江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(项目编号:2022SJYB1550)。

摘　　要：巴西五次赢得足球世界杯冠军,被称为“足球王国”。我国与巴西同为地广人稠的金砖国家和发展中大国,但两国足球普及程度与竞技水平差距较大,因此有必要借鉴与学习巴西足球联赛经验。本文采用文献法、历史分析法和逻辑分析法等研究方法开展研究,结果发现:巴西足球联赛历经自发无序期、雏形波折期、调整规范期、稳定成型期4个历史发展阶段,形成了现有国家联赛与各州锦标赛(“国—州”双系统)独立并行的双金字塔竞赛体系。基于双塔制下的巴西足球联赛系统结构,可以总结该国的发展经验;国家与区域并行的竞赛体系是联赛系统支撑、社会更新下的大众足球是联赛系统基石、民族认同与国民性的塑造是联赛系统内核、职业体制的法制结构是联赛系统保障4个层面的发展经验。对我国足球联赛的启示:深化体制管理改革,明确地方足协权责;推进竞赛体制创新,扩建足球联赛体系;立足社区扎根地方,加大联赛商务开发;坚持中国特色导向,做好球队品牌化建设。Brazil has won the World Cup five times and is known as the“Kingdom of Soccer”.China and Brazil are both BRICS countries and developing countries,but the popularity and competitive level of soccer between the two countries are quite different,which shows that it is necessary and urgent to learn from the experience of Brazilian soccer league.By the methods of literature,the methods of historical analysis and logic analysis found that Brazilian soccer league after spontaneous chaotic period,a prototype stage twists and turns,adjustment period,stable forming four historical stages of development,formed the existing national league championships and states(“countries-state”double system)independent parallel double pyramid competition system.Based on the two-tower of the Brazilian soccer league system structure,we can summarize the development experience of this country:the national and regional parallel system of competition is the league system support,the popular football under the social renewal is the cornerstone of the League system,the shaping of national identity and nationality is the core of the League system,and professional system of legal structure is the league system guarantee the development experience of four levels.Enlightenment for China’s soccer league:Deepen the reform of system management and define the power of local soccer association;Promote competition system innovation,expand the soccer league system;Based on the community rooted in the local,increase the league business development;Adhere to the Chinese characteristics guidance,do a good job brand building of the team.

关 键 词：巴西足球联赛 历史发展 系统结构 

分 类 号：G843.739[文化科学—体育训练] G777[文化科学—体育学]