离心训练用于肌肉损伤预防和康复治疗的研究综述  

A Review of Research on Eccentric Training in the Prevention of Muscle Injury and Rehabilitation Therapy

作　　者：王清文 刘宇飞[1] 吕鑫 刘欢 司俊成 石佳铭 邓栋坤 Wang Qingwen;Liu Yufei;Lv Xin;Liu Huan;Si Juncheng;Shi Jaming;Deng Dongkun(Harbin Sport University,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang China;不详)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨体育学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [2]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院先进制造智能化技术教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第6期270-274,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：哈尔滨体育学院一般项目“离心训练预防冰球运动员腘绳肌运动损伤的实验研究”(项目编号:LAB2021-11);哈尔滨体育学院重点项目“高山滑雪运动员慢性腰肌劳损等速肌力特征研究”(项目编号:BXZD2006)。

摘　　要：在人的各种活动中,离心收缩是一种普遍存在的运动方式,它为跑、跳、投等动作提供初始姿态和力量,是每个动作的初始动力。随着人们对力量训练研究的不断深入,离心力量训练的重要性也得到了普遍的认可。本文主要通过文献资料法对相关领域的文献进行综述和归纳,总结了离心训练用于肌肉损伤预防和康复治疗的研究现状:一方面,离心训练可以通过提高肌肉力量、机体柔韧性、离心/向心收缩力矩比和调控神经系统达到预防运动损伤的目的;另一方面,离心训练可以广泛应用于老年人肌肉减少症、2型糖尿病、膝前交叉韧带修复、肌腱疾病和心肺疾病的康复治疗。离心训练方案对康复人群的安全性、可行性和潜在临床效益正变得越来越明显。本文对离心训练用于损伤预防与康复的作用进行了详细阐述,旨在为康复治疗领域的读者提供参考。Objective:To study the influence of TRX suspension training on the stability of shoulder joint in bodybuilding exercise,in order to provide some reference value for scientific training in bodybuilding exercise.Methods:Twenty college students specializing in bodybuilding and fitness were selected as research objects and randomly divided into control group and experimental group.Both groups underwent routine training,and the experimental group underwent TRX suspension training intervention for 8 weeks.The shoulder joint stability of the experimental group and the control group were tested before and after the experiment by the isokinetic muscle strength test,the stability test of the upper limb of the closed dynamic chain and Y-Balance(UQ)test.Conclusion:(1)In the experimental group,ER/IR of the right side of shoulder joint with isotachymuscular strength was significantly improved.The left ER/IR was not significant in the T test,but its ratio was improved compared with the previous test.The data changes tended to be balanced,and the shoulder joint stability was enhanced.The unsatisfactory results of the left side test may be related to the short duration of the intervention cycle,the abnormal function of the left shoulder joint in some subjects,and the low recruitment ability of the left nerve and muscle.(2)TRX suspension training can not only improve the stability of shoulder joint,but also have a positive effect on the proprioception,core muscle stability,motor control,shoulder joint and thoracic spine flexibility and other motor abilities involved in Y balance upper limb test.(3)TRX suspension training can improve the strength imbalance before and after the shoulder joint,improve the stability of the upper limb of the closed power chain,and strengthen the ability of scapula muscle group to assist and adapt to glenohumeral joint movement.

关 键 词：离心训练 运动损伤 肌肉损伤 预防 康复治疗 

分 类 号：G804.53[文化科学—运动人体科学]