含水量对新疆鲜食核桃贮藏期黄曲霉生长及黄曲霉毒素M_(1)积累的影响  

Effect of water content on the growth of A.flavus and Aflatoxin M_(1) accumulation during storage of fresh walnut in Xinjiang

作　　者：王园梦 白羽嘉 冯作山 成欢 WANG Yuan-meng;BAI Yu-jia;FENG Zuo-shan;CHENG Huan(School of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Fruit Post-harvest Science and Technology,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆果品采后科学与技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《食品与机械》2023年第6期143-148,共6页Food and Machinery

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题。

摘　　要：目的:提高新疆鲜食核桃的贮藏安全性。方法:以新疆“新2”薄皮核桃为材料,无菌水接种为对照组,黄曲霉菌接种为试验组,将从自然霉变核桃上分离纯化出的黄曲霉菌人工接种至不同含水量(10%,15%,20%,25%,30%)的新疆薄皮鲜食核桃上,探究黄曲霉菌生长量及产毒变化情况。结果:最适宜黄曲霉菌生长繁殖并分泌黄曲霉毒素M_(1)的核桃含水量为15%;随着核桃含水量的升高,黄曲霉菌生长量呈先上升后下降趋势,但各含水量之间的生长量各不相同,且黄曲霉菌生长量与产生黄曲霉毒素M_(1)的量成正比。结论:原料的含水量与黄曲霉菌生长量及产生黄曲霉毒素M_(1)的量有着密切的关系。Objective:To improve the storage safety of Xinjiang fresh walnut.Methods:Xinjiang "Xin 2" thin-skinned walnut was used as material,sterile water was inoculated as a control group,and Aspergillus flavus was inoculated as an experimental group.The Aspergillus flavus isolated and purified from naturally moldy walnut was artificially inoculated into Xinjiang thin-skinned fresh walnut with different water content(10%,15%,20%,25%,30%) to investigate the growth and toxicity of Aspergillus flavus.Results:The water content of walnut which was suitable for the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the secretion of Aflatoxin M_(1) was 15%.With the increase of walnut water content,the growth of Aspergillus flavus increased first and then decreased,but the growth of each water content was different,and the growth of Aspergillus flavus was proportional to the content of Aflatoxin M_(1).Conclusion:The water content of raw materials is closely related to the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the content of Aflatoxin M_(1) produced.

关 键 词：黄曲霉菌 黄曲霉毒素M_(1) 含水量 薄皮核桃 鲜食核桃 

分 类 号：TS255.6[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]