植物类中药来源囊泡的研究进展  

Research progress on vesicles from Chinese medicinal herbs

作　　者：李俊言 王文苹 张祎 杨枝中 LI Junyan;WANG Wenping;ZHANG Yi;YANG Zhizhong(College of Chinese Materia Medica,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education on Substance Benchmark Research of Ethnic Medicines,Kunming 650500,China;The Key Laboratory of External Drug Delivery System and Preparation Technology in University of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicines,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南中医药大学中药学院云南省南药可持续利用重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省教育厅民族药物质基准研究重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省高校外用给药系统与制剂技术研究重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [4]云南省傣医药与彝医药重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（医学版）》2023年第3期349-360,共12页Journal of Zhejiang University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：云南省科学技术院重大科技专项(生物医药)生物资源数字化研发应用(202002AA100007);云南省基础研究计划中医联合专项重点项目(202001AZ070001-011);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(202205AC160038);云南省科技人才和平台计划(202105AG070012)。

摘　　要：植物类中药来源囊泡是由植物类中药细胞分泌的纳米囊泡体,其组分物质和功能活性与来源植物密切相关,具有多重生物效应和优良靶向性能。与动物来源囊泡比较,植物类中药来源囊泡兼具稳定性、特异性和安全性三大特点。植物类中药来源囊泡的提取分离方法多样、各有优缺点,暂无统一标准,联用两种或更多方法时能更快速有效地获取高浓度、完整的囊泡。系统分析和评价结果显示,植物类中药来源囊泡一般呈茶托状、球状或杯状,粒径为10~300 nm;含脂质、蛋白质、核酸等多种活性物质,是进行细胞间信息转移传递的重要部分;多有良好的生物相容性且毒性较低,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗纤维化等作用。植物类中药来源囊泡作为新型药物载体有优良的主动靶向性能,其囊腔结构可有效保护药物,从而显著提高药物的递送效率和体内外稳定性;选择适宜物理或化学手段修饰其囊腔结构后,可创建更为稳定、精准的药物载体。本文系统综述了植物类中药来源囊泡提取纯化和表征技术、活性评价和应用概况,为促进相关新活性物质和靶向药物载体的研究和应用提供参考。Vesicles derived from Chinese medicinal herbs(VCMH)are nanovesicular entities released by the cells of Chinese medicinal herbs.VCMHs have various biological effects and targeting characteristics,and their component chemicals and functional activities are closely related to the parent plant.VCMH differs from animalderived vesicles in three ways:stability,specificity,and safety.There are a number of extraction and isolation techniques for VCMH,each with their own benefits and drawbacks,and there is no unified standard.When two or more approaches are used,high quantities of intact vesicles can be obtained more quickly and efficiently.The obtained VCMHs were systematically examined and evaluated.Firstly,they are generally saucer-shaped,cup-shaped or sphere,with particle size of 10-300 nm.Secondly,they contain lipids,proteins,nucleic acids and other active substances,and these components are an important part for intercellular information transfer.Finally,they mostly have good biocompatibility and low toxicity,with anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anti-tumor and anti-fibrotic effects.As a new drug carrier,VCMHs have outstanding active targeting capabilities,and the capsule form can effectively preserve the drugs,considerably enhancing drug delivery efficiency and stability in vitro and in vivo.The modification of its vesicular structure by suitable physical or chemical means can further create more stable and precise drug carriers.This article reviews the extraction and purification techniques,activity evaluation and application of VCMH to provide information for further research and application of new active substances and targeted drug carriers.

关 键 词：囊泡 植物类中药来源 纳米给药系统 药物载体 主动靶向 分子生物相容性 生物活性 表征技术 综述 

分 类 号：R932[医药卫生—生药学]