社会信用信息权属定位及权利体系展开  

On the Positioning of Social Credit Information Ownership and Relevant Rights System

作　　者：张路 Zhang Lu(School of Credit Risk Management,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学信用风险管理学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《征信》2023年第6期18-26,共9页Credit Reference

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA056);湖南省教育厅一般项目(21C0097)。

摘　　要：社会信用信息依照主体划分,可分为自然人信用信息与法人、非法人组织信用信息,与之对应的上位概念分别是个人信息与数据。基于个人信息与数据概念的核心区域、合理使用制度、动态系统理论以及我国立法先例等理由,可以认定个人信息与数据及其所构成的社会信用信息是新型的民事权利。个人信用信息凸显了人格尊严、平等、自由等伦理价值,符合人格权的一般特征,其中所包含的人格财产利益可以通过人格权权能扩张予以解释、涵盖。信用数据凝结了法人、非法人组织无差别的社会必要劳动时间,能够揭示法人、非法人组织的信用状况,具有财产价值,属于法人、非法人组织的无形财产权。在数据要素市场配置与社会信用体系建设的背景下,可赋予法人、非法人组织对自身原始信用数据的决定权,同时规定合法性处理事由与合理使用制度进行限制。Social credit information can be divided into credit information of natural persons and that of legal persons and unincorporated organizations according to the subject,and the corresponding superordinate concepts are personal information and data respectively.Based on the core area of the concept of personal information and data,reasonable use system,dynamic system theory and our legislative precedent,personal information and data and the social credit information they constitute can be recognized as a new type of civil rights.Personal credit information highlights ethical values such as human dignity,equality and freedom,and conforms to the general characteristics of personality rights,and the personal property interests contained therein can be explained and covered by the expansion of personality rights.Credit data,which condenses the indistinguishable socially necessary labor time of legal persons and unincorporated organizations and demonstrates their credit status,has property value and belongs to the intangible property rights of legal persons and unincorporated organizations.In the context of market allocation of data elements and construction of social credit system,legal persons and unincorporated organizations can be given the right to decide on their own original credit data,and at the same time,their right should be restricted with the introduction of legality of handling the data and reasonable use system.

关 键 词：社会信用信息 个人信用信息 信用数据 人格权 财产权 信用数据决定权 

分 类 号：F830.1[经济管理—金融学]