藏汉族体育专业大学生心肺功能比较研究  

A Study on the Comparative in Cardiopulmonary Function Between Tibetan and Han Physical Education Major Students

作　　者：陈婷[1] 梁蒙 王叶秋 申艳 赵昕 CHEN Ting;LIANG Meng;WANG Yeqiu;SHEN Yan;ZHAO Xin(High altitude Sports and Health Research Center/Key laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxic Environment and Life Health,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学高原体育与健康研究中心/高原低氧环境与生命健康重点实验室,陕西咸阳712082 [2]西藏民族大学附属医院,陕西咸阳712082

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2023年第2期51-59,共9页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82060422);西藏文化传承发展协同创新中心招标课题(XT-ZB202240);西藏民族大学高原低氧环境与生命健康实验室开放课题(XZMU-2022M-H03).

摘　　要：目的:比较藏汉族体育专业大学生心肺功能情况。方法:选取在西藏民族大学(咸阳)就读三年的524名藏族体育专业学生进行身体机能测试,以汉族为对照,测试内容包括心肺功能、身体形态和身体素质指标。测试结果采用单因素方差分析、Pearson相关性分析和多元线性回归分析进行处理。结果:与汉族相比,体育专业藏族体脂肪率(P<0.01)、腰臀比(P<0.01)、腹外围(P<0.01)、臀围(P<0.05)均明显增大,呼气峰流速(P<0.01)、最大通气量(P<0.05)、最大摄氧量(P<0.05)、1000 m成绩明显较好(P<0.05)。在相关性分析中,体育专业藏族用力肺活量(r=-0.593)、第一秒用力呼气容积(r=-0.508)与体脂率呈负相关(P<0.05);呼气峰流速与体重(r=0.739)、肌肉量(r=0.745)、颈围(r=0.663)、胸外围(r=0.637)呈正相关(P<0.05);最大摄氧量(r=0.715)与身体素质综合得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。在多元线性回归分析中,藏族身体素质综合得分(β=0.442,P<0.01)是影响藏族最大摄氧量的因素;体育专业(β=250.045,P<0.05)、身体素质综合得分(β=39.243,P<0.01)是影响肺活量增强的因素。结论:藏族体育专业大学生肺功能与肌肉量、胸/颈围度呈正相关,与体脂率呈负相关;身体素质综合得分是影响藏族肺功能及VO_(2max)的因素之一;与汉族相比,藏族体育专业学生在心肺耐力水平上具备优势,主要体现在身体素质综合得分方面。Objective To explore the comparison of cardiopulmonary function between Tibetan and Han physical education majors students.Methods 524 Tibetan physical education major students,who have studied at Xizang Minzu University(Xianyang)for three years were selected for physical function tests,with Han students as the control group.The test content included cardiopulmonary function,body morphology and physical fitness indicators.The test results were processed by one-way analysis of variance,Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results Compared with the Han,Tibetan physical education majors demonstrated significant increases in body fat percentage(P<0.01),waist-hip ratio(P<0.01),abdominal periphery(P<0.01),hip circumference(P<0.05).Additionally,Tibetan achieved significantly higher scores in Peak Expiratory Flow(P<0.01),MaximumVentilationVolume(P<0.05),VO2max(P<0.05)and 1000 m run(P<0.05).Correlation analysis revealed negative associations between Forced Vital Capacity(r=-0.593),Forced expiratory volume in one second(r=-0.508)and body fat percentage;Peak Expiratory Flow was positively correlated with body weight(r=0.739),muscle mass(r=0.745),neck circumference(r=0.663)and chest circumference(r=0.637).VO2max(r=0.715)was positively correlated with the comprehensive score of physical fitness(all P<0.05).In multiple linear regression analysis,the comprehensive score of Tibetan physical fitness(β=0.442,P<0.01)was the factor affecting Tibetan VO_(2max).Physical education major(β=250.045,P<0.05)and comprehensive score of physical fitness(β=39.243,P<0.01)were the influencing factors of VC enhancement.Conclusion Lung function was positively correlated with muscle mass,chest/neck circumference,and negatively correlated with body fat percentage in Tibetan physical education majors.The comprehensive score of physical fitness was identified as one of the factors influencing Tibetan lung function and VO2max.Compared to Han,Tibetan physical education majors exhibited advantages in cardiopulmonary end

关 键 词：藏族 体育专业 心肺功能 身体形态 身体素质 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]