王汶石《黑凤》重读——兼论陕派长篇小说创作诸问题  

A Rereading of Wang Wenshi’s Hei Feng:on the Composing of Novels of the Shaanxi School

作　　者：周燕芬[1] ZHOU Yan-fen(Faculty of Liberal Arts,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期109-119,共11页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：西北大学哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“社会主义文学生产机制与创作实践关系研究”(22XNZD005);国家社科基金重大项目“中国当代文艺审美共同体研究”(18ZDA277)。

摘　　要：王汶石以“短篇小说作家”奠定了他在当代文学史上的地位。1959年创作的《黑凤》是王汶石从短篇小说向长篇小说进发的一次尝试。小说所写故事发生在1958年社会主义大跃进的历史时期,表达了特定时代的思想精神内涵,塑造了“社会主义新人形象”,除受到当时社会政治运动和文学普遍风气的影响外,在小说写实的笔墨和叙事的缝隙中,也潜藏着历史原生态场景和人生内容,比作家主观预设的单一主题更为丰富复杂。王汶石早年曾有宏伟的长篇小说创作计划,因外在社会环境和自身的思想艺术局限,致使王汶石与杜鹏程、柳青一样留下了长篇小说的“未完稿”,也给后人留下了英雄豪杰壮志未酬的遗憾与慨叹。Wang Wenshi seals his status in Chinese contemporary literature as a“short story writer”,and his novel Hei Feng written in 1959 is his attempt to move from short stories to novels.The story of the novel,set in the period of the Great Socialist Leap Forward in 1958,depicts the characters’conflicts of thought and different choices of life through romantic love between four young men and women.With his sensitive and conscious grasp of the realistic themes,the writer attempts to show changes in the rural area,and new impact brought by the changes on peasants’minds and spirit with a rich content.It can be concluded that Hei Feng is an important expansion and breakthrough in Wang Wenshi’s novel writing.A rereading of Hei Feng,which was written more than half a century ago,reveals the thought and spirit of that specific time,the image of a“new socialist”created by the novel,and the influence of the political movements and the prevailing literary atmosphere at that time.In addition,narrated in a realistic way,the pristine historical scenes and life experiences contained in the novel are more profound and complex than the writer’s preconceived single theme.Comparing Liu Qing’s History of Entrepreneurship with Wang Wenshi’s Hei Feng,the two writers have created such“new socialists”as“Liang Shengbao”and“Hei Feng”to identify the direction of new social development in the historical period of China,which is highly in accordance with the mainstream ideology.Both the cooperative movement in History of Entrepreneurship and the Great Steel-making Movement in Hei Feng have been proved wrong and absurd by history.However,the life in history described in novel equips the text with a recognizable and superficial meaning and a potential space for interpretation thanks to the writer’s realistic narration and emotional portrayal.For a realist writer,the more faithful he is to life itself and the more he puts his life experience into writing,the more possibility there is for his creation and his characte

关 键 词：王汶石 《黑凤》 长篇小说 未完稿 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]