干旱胁迫下核桃生理适应性及抗性指标筛选  

Physiological adaptation of walnut under drought stress and screening of its resistance indexes

作　　者：李津津 赵书岗[3] 安秀红 田义 王红霞[1] 张志华[1] 张俊佩[4] LI Jinjin;ZHAO Shugang;AN Xiuhong;TIAN Yi;WANG Hongxia;ZHANG Zhihua(Mountainous Areas Research Institute of Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Agricultural Technology Innovation Center,Nation Engineering Reserch Center for Agricuture in Northern Mountainous Region,Baoding 071001;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University;College of Life Science,Hebei Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学山区研究所,河北省山区农业工程技术研究中心,国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,保定071001 [2]河北农业大学园艺学院 [3]河北农业大学生命科学学院 [4]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第3期72-78,84,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200402);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326352D、20326808D)。

摘　　要：以早实核桃辽宁1号、香玲嫁接苗为试材,采用盆栽控水-自然干旱的方法进行干旱处理,测定干旱处理0、3、6、9、12、15、18 d的10个生理生化指标,利用隶属函数值和综合抗旱指数等进行分析评价,以明确其干旱适应性变化,筛选简单有效的核桃抗旱指标。结果表明:辽宁1号和香玲叶片相对含水量随干旱胁迫程度的增加逐渐降低;叶片相对电导率、水分饱和亏缺、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量随干旱胁迫程度的增加逐渐升高;SOD、POD、CAT活性随干旱胁迫程度增加呈先上升后下降的趋势。综合分析评价表明,辽宁1号抗旱性较香玲强,其中水分饱和亏缺、SOD活性、POD活性、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性5个指标可以较好地反映核桃品种的抗旱能力。The grafted seedlings of early bearing walnut varieties ‘Liaoning 1’ and ‘Xiangling’ were used as test materials, and drought treatment was carried out by pot culture, water control and natural drought. Ten physiological and biochemical indexes of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 days of drought treatments were measured. The membership function and comprehensive drought resistance index were used to analyze and evaluate them, so as to clarify their changes in drought adaptability and screen simple and effective drought resistance indexes of walnut. The results showed that the relative water content of the leaves of ‘Liaoning 1’ and ‘Xiangling’ gradually decreased with the increase of drought stress, and the relative electrical conductivity, water saturation deficit, malondialdehyde content, proline content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of the leaves gradually increased with the increase of drought stress. SOD, POD and CAT activity increased first and then decreased with the increase of drought stress. Comprehensive analysis and evaluation showed that ‘Liaoning 1’had stronger drought resistance than ‘Xiangling’. Water saturation deficit, SOD activity, POD activity, proline content and CAT activity can better reflect the drought resistance of walnut varieties.

关 键 词：干旱胁迫 辽宁1号 香玲 核桃 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]