果树科技面向国家重大需求Ⅳ:寒地苹果助力东北振兴  

Fruit tree technology facing major national demand Ⅳ: Cold-terra apple helps the revitalization of northeast China

作　　者：陈学森 伊凯[2] 王宝侠 张宇明 王楠 张宗营 毛志泉 胡大刚 姜远茂 CHEN Xuesen;YI Kai;WANG Baoxia;ZHANG Yuming;WANG Nan;ZHANG Zongying;MAO Zhiquan;HU Dagang;JIANG Yuanmao(College of Horticultural Science and Engineering,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,National Apple Engineering TechnologyResearch Center,Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology andGermplasm Creation in Huang-Huai-HaiRegion,Ministry ofAgriculture andRuralAffairs,Tai’an 271018;Liaoning FruitResearch Institute;Tongliao Institute of Forestry and Grassland Science,Inner Mongolia,Cold-terraApple Station ofNational Apple Engineering Technology Research Centerin Inner Mongolia;Shangze FruitIndustry Company Limited,Cold-terraApple Station ofNational Apple Engineering TechnologyResearch Centerin Hebei)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,国家苹果工程技术研究中心,山东省苹果技术创新中心,农业农村部黄淮海地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,泰安271018 [2]辽宁省果树科学研究所 [3]内蒙古通辽市林业和草原科学研究所,国家苹果工程技术研究中心内蒙古寒地苹果实验站 [4]河北省平泉市尚泽果业有限公司,国家苹果工程技术研究中心河北寒地苹果实验站

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第4期1-6,共6页China Fruits

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31730080);山东省泰山学者攀登计划项目(NO.tspd20161005)。

摘　　要：在广袤的东北黑土地上大力发展经济效益、社会效益和生态效益三大效益同步提升的寒地苹果,助力东北振兴,保障京津冀生态安全是国家重大战略需求。在全面总结寒地苹果生态气候特点和果实品质特征的基础上,介绍了苹果抗寒机理、抗寒育种、抗寒品种、寒地苹果栽培区划等发展现状,以及包括重茬障碍绿色防控技术、品种选择与区划、高效建园技术、果园生草地力培肥技术及防冻抗病综合技术等在内的寒地苹果抗寒栽培技术体系,重点介绍了高类黄酮苹果酒加工新设备、新工艺和新产品,既含有类黄酮成分和浓郁果香,又具有白酒口感,为减少白酒加工粮食消耗、保障国家粮食安全提供了技术支撑。In the vast northeast black land,it is a major strategic demand of the country to vigorously develop the cold-terra apple with the simultaneous improvement of economic,social and ecological benefits,to help the revitalization of the northeast,and to ensure the ecological security of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.Based on the comprehensive summary of the ecological and climatic characteristics and fruit quality characteristics,this paper mainly introduces the mechanism of apple cold resistance,cold resistance breeding and varieties,development status of apples in cold regions and green prevention and control techniques for continuous cropping obstacles,as well as variety selection and zoning,efficient garden building techniques,orchard grass growing technology,soil fertility management technology,anti-freezing and disease resistance comprehensive technology and other other cold-resistant cultivation techniques for the cold-terra apple.In addition,the new equipment,new technology and new products for processing high flavonoid cider were emphatically introduced,which not only contained flavonoid components and rich fruit flavor,but also had white spirit taste,providing technical support for reducing food consumption in white spirit processing and ensuring national food security.

关 键 词：寒地苹果 抗寒机理 抗寒品种 栽培和加工技术 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]