21份金柑种质的果实品质分析与综合评价  

Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality of 21 kumquat germplasms

作　　者：杨柳 黎曼缇 易自力[1] 朱洺志 黄红梅[1] YANG Liu;LI Manti;YI Zili;ZHU Mingzhi;HUANG Hongmei(College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128;College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第5期56-62,69,共8页China Fruits

基　　金：长沙市科技计划项目(Kq2004033)资助。

摘　　要：金柑是唯一皮肉同食的柑橘类水果,为探明不同金柑种质外观品质和内在品质的差异,以湖南农业大学金柑种质资源圃的21份金柑种质为研究对象,测定包含果实色泽在内的9个外观品质指标和8个内在品质指标,利用主成分分析法(PCA)对果实品质进行综合评价。结果表明:公孙橘的单果重(73.13 g)、纵横径(39.25、57.47 mm)均高于其他种质,适合加工;金橘和宁波金弹CQ的果实色泽均优于其他种质,适合观赏;融安脆蜜的可食率(98.40%)、固酸比(363.83)、糖酸比(140.50)和种子数(1.33)等内在品质均优于其他种质,可滴定酸含量(0.06%)低于其他种质,适合鲜食。通过主成分分析提取出3个主成分,累计贡献率达81.211%,再利用综合评价函数分析获得21份金柑种质的综合评价结果,最终得分排名前5位为金橘>公孙橘>野生金柑>融安金柑>寿星橘,金橘和公孙橘综合品质较高。Kumquat is the only citrus fruit with the skin that can be eaten together with its flesh.To explore the differences in appearance quality and edible quality of different kumquat germplasms,9 appearance quality indexes including fruit color and 8 interior quality indexes of 21 kumquat germplasms from the Kumquat Germplasm Resource Garden of Hunan Agricultural University were determined as the research objects,and comprehensive quality evaluation was made by principal component analysis(PCA).The results showed that the single fruit weight(73.13 g),longitudinal and transverse diameter(39.25 mm,57.47 mm)of C.madurensis‘Gongsunju’were higher than other germplasms,suitable for processing.The fruit color of Fortunella sp.and F.crassifolia Swingle‘Ningbojindan CQ’were higher than other germplasms,suitable for ornamental.The interior quality of the edible yield(98.40%),solid-acid ratio(363.83),sugar-acid ratio(140.50),titratable acid content(0.06%)and seed number(1.33)of F.crassifolia Swingle‘Rong’ancuimi’was better than other species,suitable for fresh food.Three principal components were extracted through the principal component analysis(PCA),and the contribution rate reached to 81.211%,then the comprehensive evaluation function method was used to obtain comprehensive evaluation values of 21 kumquat varieties,the final score of the top five ranking was:Fortunella sp.>C.madurensis‘Gongsunju’>Fortunella sp.‘Yeshengjingan’>F.crassifolia Swingle‘Rong’anjingan’>F.obovata Tanaka‘Shouxingju’.Above all,Fortunella sp.and C.madurensis‘Gongsunju’had high comprehensive quality.

关 键 词：金柑种质 果实品质 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S666.1[农业科学—果树学]