云南石林主栽人参果品种(系)大田病害调查和病毒检测  

Field disease investigation and virus detection of main ginseng fruit varieties(lines)in Shilin County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：王晓萌 严媛 伍全会 李枝林[1] 黄兴龙 李国昌 张泽[1] 王玉英[1] WANG Xiaomeng;YAN Yuan;WU Quanhui;LI Zhilin;HUANG Xinglong;LI Guochang;ZHANG Ze;WANG Yuying(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201;Fuyuan Branch of Yunnan Agricultural Radio and Television School;Shilin Economic Crop Station)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省农业广播电视学校富源县分校 [3]石林县经济作物站

出　　处：《中国果树》2023年第5期93-97,共5页China Fruits

基　　金：云南省地方标准制修订项目《人参果生产技术规程》(2021022)。

摘　　要：随着人参果(Solanum muricatum Aiton)种植面积的扩大,大田病害日趋严重,导致人参果果实品质下降,产量降低,严重制约了产业发展。通过对云南省石林县主栽人参果品种(系)进行病害调查,拟为人参果产业发展提供指导。以田间19个人参果主栽品种(系)为试材,采用5点取样法,统计病情指数,选取6个品种(系)进行病毒检测。结果表明,19个主栽品种(系)中感病品种(系)3个,为大Y、BR3-03和圆果;中感品种(系)7个,为Cg4-1、Y、TJ-1、HR1-14、R2-1、WWRSA和青1;抗病品种(系)9个,为大圆果、石优3号、大紫、圆果2号、石优1号、圆果1号、圆果3号、瑞玉和石优2号。其中大Y抗病性最弱,石优2号抗病性最强。青1、BR3-03、WWRSA、圆果3号、圆果2号、Cg4-1这6个品种(系)中均含有马铃薯M病毒(PVM),Cg4-1品种检测出3种病毒复合侵染,抗病性较差,青1、BR3-03和圆果3号3个品种(系)抗病性好,携带的病毒少,尤其是青1品种中只有1个样品检测到了马铃薯M病毒(PVM)。石林县人参果石优2号和瑞玉的抗病性较强,Cg4-1的病毒种类和含量最多,需进行脱毒种苗培育。With the expansion of planting area of Solanum muricatum Aiton,field diseases are becoming more and more serious,leading to the decline of fruit quality and yield,which seriously restricts the industrial development.Through the investigation on the diseases of the main ginseng fruit varieties(lines)in Shilin County,Yunnan Province,it is planned to provide guidance for the industrial development.The disease index of 19 main varieties(lines)in the field was calculated by five point sampling method,six varieties(lines)were selected for virus detection.The results showed that among the 19 main varieties(lines)3 susceptible varieties(lines),‘Da Y’,‘BR3-03’,‘Yuanguo’;seven medium susceptible varieties(lines),‘Cg4-1’,‘Y’,‘TJ-1’,‘HR1-14’,‘R2-1’,‘WWRSA’and‘Qing 1’;nine disease resistant varieties(lines),‘Dayuanguo’,‘Shiyou 3’,‘Dazi’,‘Yuanguo 2’,‘Shiyou 1’,‘Yuanguo 1’,‘Yuanguo 3’,‘Ruiyu’and‘Shiyou 2’.Among them,‘Da Y’has the weakest disease resistance,and‘Shiyou 2’has the strongest disease resistance.Potato M virus(PVM)was found in 6 varieties(lines),three viruses were detected in one sample of‘Cg4-1’,with the worst quality,‘Qing1’,‘BR3-03’and‘Yuanguo 3’varieties(lines)have strong disease resistance and carry few viruses,especially‘Qing 1’.Only one of the three samples has detected one virus of potato virus M(PVM).The disease resistance of‘Shiyou 2’and‘Ruiyu’in Shilin County is strong,and the virus species and content detected in‘Cg4-1’samples are the most,so virus-free seedling cultivation is required.

关 键 词：人参果 田间统计 病害调查 病情指数 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]