静电纺聚酰胺纳米纤维复合织物制备工艺优化  

Processing optimization of composite fabrics deposited with electrospinning polyamide nano-fibers

作　　者：王青弘 王迎 郝新敏 郭亚飞 王美慧 WANG Qinghong;WANG Ying;HAO Xinmin;GUO Yafei;WANG Meihui(School of Textile and Material Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian,Liaoning 116034,China;Systems Engineering Institute,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,辽宁大连116034 [2]军事科学院系统工程研究院,北京100010

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第6期144-151,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1808211);辽宁省重大科技专项(2019JH1/10100010)。

摘　　要：为提高纳米纤维膜与织物的界面结合力,优化静电纺纳米纤维复合机织物制备工艺,考察了接收基材织物的导电性、聚酰胺56(PA56)纺丝液浓度、接收基材种类对纤维膜表面形貌的影响,以及接收基材对复合织物黏附性的影响。结果表明:PA56最佳静电纺丝液质量分数为12%~18%;接收性较好的基材为棉、粘胶织物;抗静电处理可提升涤纶织物对纳米纤维的沉积性能;不使用黏合剂,静电纺膜梯度沉积法可提升纳米纤维与织物间的界面结合力;以棉织物为基材、PA56低质量分数(6%,10~20 min)纳米纤维膜为中间层、PA56高质量分数(15%,40 min)纳米纤维膜为表层的复合织物,其剥离强力比常规沉积法提升2~3倍。Objective In order to improve the inter-facial bonding between the nanomembrane and woven fabric,and reduce the clogging of the nanofiber membrane micropores caused by the use of glue,effects of conductivity,polyamide 56(PA56)spinning solution and type of receiving substrate on the surface morphology of nanofibers were investigated.The preparation process of electrospinning nanofiber deposition composite woven fabrics was optimized,and the relationship between microporous structure and inter-facial bonding force was established.Method Using polyamide 56 as spinning solution,a woven fabric as flexible receiving substrate and needle-free electrostatic spinning machine,instead of using adhesive,the adhesion between nanofiber membrane and textile interface was improved by electrostatic spinning film gradient deposition method to prepare nanofiber composite fabric.The effects of the conductivity of receiving substrate fabric,the concentration of spinning solution,the types and properties of receiving substrate on the surface morphology of nanofiber membrane and the adhesion of composite fabric were explored by analyzing the appearance and cross-sectional morphology of nanofiber membrane combined with the current-voltage curve of fabric and the peeling strength of composite fabric.Results Nanofiber composite woven fabric was prepared by needleless electrospinning,and the inter-facial bonding force between the fabric and nanofiber membrane was improved by depositing electrospun membrane with concentration gradient.It was found that the optimum spinning concentration of PA56 was 12%-18%(Fig.3),for creating uniform nanofiber membrane with uniform fiber diameter.Fabric types were shown to have great influence on the morphology and adhesion effect of fiber membrane(Fig.4),where the optimal receiving substrate was found to be the cotton woven fabric.By improving conductivity of the receiving substrate(as shown in Tab.2),the composite material demonstrated better surface morphology and receiving effect.Anti-static treatment w

关 键 词：接收基材 聚酰胺56 静电纺丝 纳米纤维 复合织物 界面结合力 

分 类 号：TS111.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]