基于无人机的空地信道特性测量系统  

Measurement System of Air-Ground Channel Characteristics Based on UAV

作　　者：段夫巧 邱彦衡 毛开 陈小敏[1] 朱秋明[1] DUAN Fu-qiao;QIU Yan-heng;MAO Kai;CHEN Xiao-min;ZHU Qiu-ming(Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electronic Spectrum Space,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学电磁频谱空间认知动态系统工业与信息化部重点实验室,南京211106

出　　处：《微波学报》2023年第3期23-29,共7页Journal of Microwaves

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(62271250);国家重大科研仪器研制项目(61827801);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20211182);江苏省重点研发计划(产业前瞻与关键核心技术)(BE2022067,BE2022067-2)。

摘　　要：随着各种飞行器和通信一体化的发展,对空地信道特性的研究变得愈发重要且迫切。针对空地通信场景,本文研制了一套由无人机发射单元和地面接收单元组成的无人机空地信道测量系统。该系统选取具有平坦功率谱特性和大动态范围的ZC序列作为测量序列,利用硬件实现实时提取信道冲激响应(Channel Impulse Response,CIR),并通过采样偏差恢复、系统响应校正等方式,提高信道测量系统的准确性。实测验证结果表明,本文研制的信道测量系统与信道模拟器模拟结果和射线跟踪(Ray Tracing,RT)仿真结果基本一致。最后,开展了校园场景空地实测活动,分析了该场景路径损耗(Path Loss,PL)、莱斯K因子、均方根时延扩展(Root Mean Square-Delay Spread,RMS-DS)等信道特性。With the development of various aircrafts and integrated communications integration,the research on the characteristics of air-ground channels becomes more and more important and urgent.For the air-ground communication scenario,an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) air-ground channel measurement system composed of a UAV transmitting unit and a ground receiving unit is developed in this paper.In this system,ZC sequence with flat power spectrum and large dynamic range is chose as the measurement sequence,the channel impulse response(CIR) is extracted in real-time on the hardware platform,and the sampling deviation recovery and system response correction are developed to improve the accuracy of the measurement system.The verification results show that the measured results of developed channel measurement system are well consistent with the preset channel of channel emulator and the ray tracing(RT) simulation results.Finally,the field measurements are carried out in the campus scenario,and the channel characteristics,i.e.,path loss(PL),Rice K-factor,root mean square-delay spread(RMS-DS) are analyzed.

关 键 词：信道测量 空地信道 无人机通信 优化提取 信道特性 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统] V279[电子电信—信息与通信工程]