湖北省某山区城市学龄前儿童睡眠与血压的关系  

Association of sleep status with blood pressure among preschoolers in a montanic city of Hubei

作　　者：贺明慧[1,2] 傅晔 刘艳丽[1] 朱美琴 刘阳[1,2] 王艳 李茗竹 何婉红 吴涓 罗玉双 纪宏先 王静[1,2] HE Ming-hui;FU Ye;LIU Yan-li;ZHU Mei-qin;LIU Yang;WANG Yan;LI Ming-zhu;HE Wan-hong;WU Juan;LUO Yu-shuang;JI Hong-xian;WANG Jing(Health Center for Environment and Health in Water Source-to-North Diversion,School of Public Health,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院公共卫生与健康学院,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北医药学院南水北调水源区环境与健康研究中心 [3]十堰市疾病预防控制中心 [4]十堰市国药东风总医院检验科 [5]十堰市妇幼保健院儿童保健科

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第12期2165-2171,2183,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81872698,71774049);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划(JYT2021024);“十四五”湖北省高等学校优势特色学科群(公共卫生与健康)(2022PHXKQ3);临床营养学学科建设(X1203625);湖北医药学院研究生科技创新(YCXM2023)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨湖北某山区城市学龄前儿童睡眠和血压的关系。方法 采用横断面设计,对湖北某山区城市7所幼儿园1 379名2~6岁学龄前儿童进行睡眠相关问卷调查及身高、体重和血压等体格检查。采用二元logistic回归、线性回归及限制性立方样条分析学龄前儿童睡眠和血压之间的关系。结果 儿童平均年龄为(4.4±1.0)岁,男童占55.5%。儿童平均每天午睡中位数1.1 h,夜间睡眠中位数9.5 h, 24 h总睡眠中位数10.7 h,平日与周末睡眠时长差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。学龄前儿童平日睡眠不足检出率为19.9%,周末睡眠不足检出率为29.9%。平均收缩压(98.2±12.0)mm Hg,舒张压(59.1±11.9)mm Hg,高血压检出率7.5%。在校正性别、年龄、BMI等相关因素后,暂未发现儿童午睡、夜间睡眠或24 h总睡眠时长与血压间存在关联。平时与周末睡眠时长改变(午睡和24 h总睡眠)与儿童收缩压有非线性关联,周末午睡和24 h总睡眠时间缩短,收缩压有下降趋势,而时间延长,收缩压有升高趋势(周末-平日午睡时长改变P_(非线性)=0.002,周末-平日24 h总睡眠时长改变P_(非线性)=0.002)。结论 湖北某山区城市学龄前儿童平日和周末睡眠时长改变特别是午睡时长的改变可能与收缩压有关,这种关联还需要更多大样本前瞻性研究进一步验证。Objective To investigate the relationship between sleep status and blood pressure among preschoolers in a montanic city of Hubei Province.Methods In this cross-sectional study,a sleep-related questionnaire was used and a physical examination including height,weight,and blood pressure was conducted among 1379 preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years old in the montanic city of Hubei Province.The relationship between sleep status and blood pressure was analyzed by binary logistic regression model,multiple linear regression model,and restricted cubic spline method.Results The mean age of the children was(4.4±1.0)years,and 55.5%of them were male.The median of average midday nap duration was 1.1 hours,nocturnal sleep duration was 9.5 h,and total sleep duration for 24 hours was 10.7 h,sleep durations varied between weekdays and weekends(P0.01).The rate of sleep insufficiency on weekdays was 19.9%,and on weekends was 29.9%.The overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 7.5%,average systolic blood pressure was(98.2±12.0)mmHg,and diastolic blood pressure was(59.1±11.9)mmHg.After adjusting for gender,age,BMI,and other related factors,there was no association between 3 types of sleep duration and blood pressure in preschoolers.While the change of sleep duration(midday nap and total sleep for 24 hours)on weekends and weekdays was nonlinearly associated with preschoolers'systolic blood pressure.The systolic blood pressure decreased with the shortening of midday nap duration and total sleep duration for 24 hours on weekends,while increased with the extension of sleep duration(P for nonlinear association=0.002,and 0.002 respectively).Conclusion Preschoolers'systolic blood pressure may be associated with the change of sleep duration on weekdays and weekends,especially with midday nap duration,these findings need further validation in prospective studies with large samples.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 睡眠 睡眠节律 血压 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]