一种面向控制的振荡水柱波能装置等效数值模型  

Control Oriented Modelling of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters

作　　者：陈政[1] 荣振威 俞浩[1] 司玉林[1] 钱鹏[1] 张大海[1] CHEN Zheng;RONG Zhenwei;YU Hao;SI Yulin;QIAN Peng;ZHANG Dahai(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江省舟山市316021

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第12期4648-4656,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：浙江省重点研发项目(2021C03182,2021C01150);国家自然科学基金项目(51879233);舟山市科技计划项目(2020C81001)。

摘　　要：波浪能是海洋可再生能源中储量最为丰富的一种,而振荡水柱式(oscillating water column,OWC)波浪能发电装置是目前技术成熟度最高的波浪能装置类型之一。OWC数值模拟大部分基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法,主要用于装置的结构参数优化设计及动力学响应分析。为提高OWC的数值计算效率,便于开展发电装置的控制设计与优化,提出一种面向控制的OWC波浪能装置等效数值模型,并完成不同工况下的水池试验验证。该数值模型基于线性势流理论和Cummins方法,将振荡水柱等效为和水同密度刚体,并将动力输出装置(power take-off,PTO)和黏性效应等效为线性阻尼系数。通过对比数值模拟和水池试验结果,可以发现该模型能较好地预测规则波、不规则波与不同PTO下的OWC自由液面及功率输出等动态特性。在此基础上,完成OWC装置闭锁控制设计,并对比分析OWC的俘能效率。研究发现,该等效数值模型可有效提高计算效率,能较准确地预测OWC自由液面动态过程及功率输出。Wave energy is one of the most abundant marine renewable energy sources,and the oscillating water column(OWC)wave energy converter is one of the most mature wave energy converters.Most of the OWC numerical studies are based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method,and these works mainly focus on structural parameter optimization and dynamic analysis of OWC.In order to improve the numerical calculation efficiency and facilitate the control design of OWC,a control-oriented equivalent numerical model of OWC is proposed and then verified by scale model tests.The numerical model is based on the linear potential flow theory and Cummins method,and the OWC is equivalent to a rigid body with the same density as water.At the same time,the power take-off(PTO)system and the viscous effect are simplified as linear damping coefficients.It is found that the numerical model can well predict the free surface oscillation and wave power production under regular waves and irregular waves with different PTO.Then,the latching control is designed and applied to the numerical model,and the energy harvesting efficiency of the OWC is compared and analyzed.The numerical model can effectively improve the calculation efficiency and accurately predict the free surface dynamics and power output of the OWC.

关 键 词：振荡水柱 数值模型 线性势流理论 黏性效应 波能俘能效率 控制策略 

分 类 号：TK730[交通运输工程—轮机工程]