2020-2021年山东省368例境外输入的新型冠状病毒肺炎感染者流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on epide`miological characteristics of 368imported COVID-19 cases in Shandong province from 2020 to 2021

作　　者：代炳芹 张吉玉[1] 张艺馨 赵志刚[2] 韩扬 田勇[2] 张圣洋[1] 吴光健[1] 邢玉芳 姚明国 孙成玺[1] DAI Bing-qin;ZHANG Ji-yu;ZHANG Yi-xin;ZHAO Zhi-gang;HAN Yang;TIAN Yong;ZHANG Sheng-yang;WU Guang-jian;XING Yu-fang;YAO Ming-guo;SUN Cheng-xi(Section of Practice Management,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong250014,China;Network Information Department,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心业务管理部,山东济南250014 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心网络信息部

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2023年第5期333-337,342,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202012051264,202015021386)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020-2021年山东省境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)感染者的流行病学特征,为输入疫情防控工作提供依据。方法收集全国传染病信息报告管理系统中,山东省境外输入的COVID-19感染者个案信息和现场流行病学调查报告,采用Excel 2019和SPSS 22.0软件对感染者的人口学特征、病例分类、来源国家、发现时间、治愈时间、疫苗接种情况等流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果山东省于2020年3月19日报告第一例境外输入COVID-19感染者,截至2021年12月31日,累计报告368例(确诊病例204例,无症状感染者164例)。男女性别比4.58∶1,年龄中位数32(P25,P75:25,41)岁,主要集中在20~49岁,占84.51%(311/368);职业以海员(147/368,占39.95%)、学生和工人(48/368,均占13.04%)为主。不同季节中确诊病例和无症状感染者所占比例不同(χ^(2)=28.11,P=0.00),冬季确诊病例占比最高。99.46%(366/368)的感染者在入境14d内被检出,入境到检测阳性中位时间为1(P25,P75:1,4)d,治愈(消除感染性)时间中位数为20(P25,P75:15,31)d。感染者输入国以菲律宾、韩国、印度尼西亚为主,占51.09%(188/368)。疫苗接种率为27.72%(102/368),未接种疫苗者出现1例危重型病例。结论2020-2021年山东省境外输入COVID-19感染者主要为男性青壮年人群,以海员、学生、工人为主,主要在入境14d内被检测发现。感染者来源广泛,以菲律宾、韩国等亚洲地区为主。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19cases in Shandong province,so as to provide scientific basis for importing epidemic prevention and control work.Methods The data of imported COVID-19cases in Shandong province and field epidemiological investigation reports were obtained from the Chinese National Notifiable Disease Report System.Excel 2010and SPSS 22.0software were used to analyze the demographic characteristics,case classification,country of origin,time of discovery,time of cure,and vaccination status of infected patients.Results The first imported COVID-19infection was reported in Shandong province on March 19,2020,and a total of 368cases(204confirmed cases and 164asymptomatic cases)had been reported as of December 31,2021.The male to female ratio of the cases was 4.58:1,the median age of the cases was 32(P25,P75:25,41)years,mainly aged 20-49,accounting for 84.51%(311/368),the main occupations were seafarers(147/368,39.95%),students and workers(48/368,13.04%).The proportions of confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections were different in different seasons(χ^(2)=28.11,P=0.00),with the highest proportion of confirmed cases in winter.The proportion of confirmed cases in autumn and winter was relatively high.There were 99.46%(366/368)of infected persons detected within 14days of entry,the median time between entry and positive test was 1(P25,P75:1,4)day,and the median cure time was 20(P25,P75:15,31)days.The cases were mainly from Philippines,South Korea and Indonesia,accounting for 67.84%(116/171).The vaccination coverage rate was 27.72%(102/368),and there was 1critical case in an unvaccinated person.Conclusion Most of imported cases in Shandong province were mainly male young and middle-aged people,mainly sailors,students and workers,and were mainly detected within 14days of entry.The infected people came from a wide range of sources,mainly in the Philippines,South Korea and other Asian regions.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 疫情防控 境外输入 流行特征 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学] R824.2[医药卫生—基础医学]